Basics

Question 1

Scene size up

Answer 1

Scene safe
BSI/PPE
C-spine
# of Pat
Noi/moi
Additional resources

Question 2

Primary assessment

Answer 2

General impression
chief complaint
AVPU
LOC-ABC
Life saving treatment
Transport

Question 3

Secondary assessment

Answer 3

SAMPLE
Body exam (rapid/ focused)
DCAP-BTLS/ OPQRST
baseline vitals- (bp, spo2, BGL, HR, PERRL)
Reassessment- critical (5) stable (15)

Question 4

Head tilt chin lift

Answer 4

No suspected spinal injury

Question 5

Modified jaw thrust

Answer 5

Suspected spinal injury/ unconscious

Question 6

OPA

Answer 6

Oropharyngeal- mouth to ear
Contraindications- intact gag/ conscious

Question 7

NPA

Answer 7

Nasopharyngeal- nose to ear, width of pinky
Contraindications- severe facial trauma, basilar skull fracture (break in base of skull)

Question 8

Respiratory rate

Answer 8

RR # of breaths in 1 minute

Question 9

Tidal volume

Answer 9

TV volume of air in 1 breath

Question 10

Minute volume

Answer 10

MV
Amount of air moved in one minute
RRxTV= MV

Question 11

Respiratory rate (double rule)

Answer 11

Adult 12-20
Child 15-30
Infant 25-50
Neonate 30-60

Question 12

Oxygen therapy

Answer 12

Nasal cannula(NC) 1-6 LMP (24-44%)
Nonrebreather (NRB) 10-15LPM (80-100%)
Bag valve mask (BVM) manual ventilations- apneic (not breathing)

Question 13

Manual ventilations

Answer 13

Adult 5-6 sec (10-12 BPM)
child 3-4 sec (15-20 BPM)

Question 14

Heart rate

Answer 14

HR # of beats in 1 min

Question 15

Stroke volume

Answer 15

SV amount of blood in each beat

Question 16

Cardiac output

Answer 16

CO amount of blood moved in 1 min
HRxSV=CO

Question 17

Heart rate (20 bpm rule)

Answer 17

Adult 60-100
Child 80-100
Toddler 100-120
Infant 120-140
Newborn 140-160

Question 18

Skin condition

Answer 18

Diaphoretic- pale/ cool/ clammy (circulation)
Cyanotic- blue (hypoxia, low o2)
Jaundice- yellow (liver)

Question 19

SAMPLE

Answer 19

S signs/symptoms (objective/ subjective)
A allergies
M medications
P medical history
L last oral intake/ out
E events leading up to

Question 20

DCAP-BTLS (soft tissue injuries)

Answer 20

D deformities
C contusions (bruise)
A abrasions (scrapes)
P punctures (penetrative)
B burns
T tenderness
L lacerations (cut)
S swelling

Question 21

Blood pressure

Answer 21

Pressure of blood against arterial walls

Question 22

Systolic

Answer 22

During contraction

Question 23

Diastolic

Answer 23

At rest

Question 24

Pulse pressure

Answer 24

Difference between systolic and diastolic

Question 25

Cardiovascular system

Answer 25

Heart Pumps Blood vessels Pipes Blood Fluid

Question 26

Artery

Answer 26

Carry blood AWAT from heart (pressurized)

Question 27

Vein

Answer 27

Return blood TOWARDS heart

Question 28

Capillary

Answer 28

Tissue perfusion (oxygen delivery)

Question 29

Types of bleeds

Answer 29

Arterial- spurting/ bright red (oxygenated) Venous- oozing/ dark red (deoxygenated) Capillary- small/ dripping

Question 30

Bleeding control

Answer 30

Direct pressure Tourniquet (2 inch proximal/never remove/ time)

Question 31

Constricted/ pinpoint

Answer 31

Narcotic OD heroin/ fentanyl Depressant- decreased vitals

Question 32

Dilated

Answer 32

Stimulant OD cocaine/ meth Stimulant- increase vitals

Question 33

Unequal/ blown

Answer 33

Brain injury (TBI)

Question 34

Types of burns

Answer 34

Superficial- pain/redness Partial thickness- blistering/ severe pain Full thickness- no pain/ black/ charred

Question 35

Types of muscles

Answer 35

Skeletal- body movement (voluntary) Smooth- organs/ blood vessels (involuntary) Cardiac- heart (automatically, involuntary )

Question 36

Connective tissues and injuries

Answer 36

Ligament- connect bone to bone Tendon- connect muscle to bone

Question 37

Forms of consent

Answer 37

Expressed/ verbal- normal LOC/ adult Implied- AMS/ alone child

Question 38

Laws of emt

Answer 38

Assault/ battery- treat without consent Negligence- treat outside standard of care Abandonment- transfer care to lower standard

Question 39

Tachy

Answer 39

Fast

Question 40

Brady

Answer 40

Slow

Question 41

Hypo

Answer 41

Low

Question 42

Hyper

Answer 42

High

Question 43

-cardic

Answer 43

Heart rate

Question 44

-pnic

Answer 44

Respiratory rate

Question 45

-Thermic

Answer 45

Boy temp

Question 46

-Glycemic

Answer 46

Blood glucose level

Question 47

-tensive

Answer 47

Blood pressure

Question 48

-velemic

Answer 48

Blood volume

Question 49

Tripod

Answer 49

Hunched over with arms on knees (respiratory)

Question 50

Layers of heart

Answer 50

Endocardium- inner layer Myocardium- middle/ muscular Epicardium- outside layer Pericardium- sac around heart