Basics

Question 1

how small of a discontinuity can be detected?

Answer 1

1 nanometre (nm)

Question 2

principle that enables pt to work?

Answer 2

capillary action

Question 3

why are oil based penetrants used?

Answer 3

due to oils low surface tension

Question 4

what is surface tension?

Answer 4

atoms that bind the surface of a liquid

Question 5

Tracer dye type 1

Answer 5

fluorescent

Question 6

Tracer dye type 2

Answer 6

visible

Question 7

tracer dye type 3

Answer 7

dual

Question 8

Max white light in darkened area

Answer 8

20 lx | 2 fc

Question 9

black light intensity

Answer 9

1000 mw @ 15”

Question 10

brightness for visible / colour contrast?

Answer 10

1000lx (100fc)

Question 11

what does each method classify?

Answer 11

the method in which the excess penetrant must be removed from the part

Question 12

method A

Answer 12

water washable

Question 13

method B

Answer 13

post emulsifiable - lipophilic

Question 14

method C

Answer 14

solvent removable

Question 15

method d

Answer 15

post emulsifiable - hydrophilic

Question 16

how is method A penetrant removed?

Answer 16

water

Question 17

how is method b/d penetrant removed?

Answer 17

emulsifier is added to render it water washable

Question 18

how is method c penetrant removed?

Answer 18

solvent moistened cloth

Question 19

how does lipophilic emulsifier work?

Answer 19

mixes with the penetrant to make it water washable (chemical reaction)

Question 20

how does hydrophilic emulsifier work?

Answer 20

reduce the surface tension (mechanical process)

Question 21

3 water wash advantages

Answer 21

1) penetrant easily removed from rough surfaces
2) cheap
3) fast

Question 22

3 water wash disadvantages

Answer 22

1) 3x longer dwell
2) X smooth surfaces
3) X wide and shallow disc.

Question 23

4 post-emulsifiable advantages

Answer 23

1) smooth surfaces
2) wide/shallow disc.
3) highest sensitivity
4) short dwell

Question 24

2 post-emulsifiable disadvantages

Answer 24

1) $
2) additional time for emulsification

Question 25

2 solvent removable advantages

Answer 25

1) remote inspection
2) simple

Question 26

2 solvent removable disadvantages

Answer 26

1) hard to remove excess penetrant
2) ventilation

Question 27

2 types of developer

Answer 27

dry or wet

Question 28

2 dry powder advantages

Answer 28

1) rough surfaces
2) cheap

Question 29

1 dry powder disadvantage

Answer 29

low sensitivity

Question 30

highest sensitivity penetrant

Answer 30

post-emul

Question 31

most sensitive developer

Answer 31

non-aqueous

Question 32

6 steps of pt

Answer 32

1) preclean
2) apply penetrant
3) removal of penetrant
4) developer
5) inspection
6) post clean

Question 33

detergent cleaning

Answer 33

remove light oil / grime

Question 34

solvent cleaning

Answer 34

portable - remove oil / grease

Question 35

alkaline cleaning

Answer 35

stationary - most effective for oil / grease

Question 36

steam cleaning

Answer 36

oil / grease

Question 37

ultrasonic cleaning

Answer 37

grime / tarnish