basics

Question 1

sound / unsound

Answer 1

containing only true premises and only valid deductive inferences (or not)
deductive arguments

Question 2

valid / invalid

Answer 2

containing only valid deductive inferences (or not)
deductive arguments

Question 3

cogent / uncogent

Answer 3

containing only true premises and forceful inductive inferences (or not)
inductive arguments

Question 4

strong / weak

Answer 4

containing sufficiently forceful inductive inferences to support its main conclusion/s (or not)
inductive arguments

Question 5

assumptions

Answer 5

unstated or overlooked premises that can be inferred into an argument

Question 6

deductive arguments

Answer 6

an argument where the premises (should) guarantee the conclusion by providing sound reasoning

Question 7

inductive analogy

Answer 7

an analogy uses a perceived similarity between two things, to reach a conclusion about potential further similarities

Question 8

inductive arguments

Answer 8

an argument where the premises (should) provide a reason for accepting the strength of the conclusion on a scale of probability

Question 9

inductive generalisations

Answer 9

a generalisation uses limited evidence or experience to reach a larger conclusion to future prediction

Question 10

proposition

Answer 10

statement or claim that is either true or false