Basics

Question 1

Politics

Answer 1

1. There process by which the community makes decisions and establishes values that are binding upon its member.
2. The struggle in any group for power that will give one or more persons the ability to make up decisions for the larger group.

Question 2

Institution

Answer 2

an organisation or activity that is self-perpetuating and valued for its own sake.

Question 3

Freedom

Answer 3

the ability of an individual to act independently, without fear of restriction or punishment by the state or the other individuals or groups in society.

Question 4

Equality

Answer 4

a shared material standard of individuals within a community, society or country.

Question 5

What are the necessary factors for Politics to exist?

Answer 5

People, organisations, collective action and power

Question 6

State

Answer 6

1. The organisation that maintains a monopoly of force over a given territory.
2. A set of political institutions to generate and execute policy regarding freedom and equality.

Question 7

What is a state defined by?

Answer 7

• Territory
• People
• Sovereignty
• Legitimacy
• Monopoly on force
• International recognition

Question 8

Sovereignty

Answer 8

the ability of a state to carry out actions or policies within a territory independently from external actors or internal rivals.

Question 9

Regime

Answer 9

the fundamental rules and norms of politics, embodying long-term goals regarding individual freedom and collective equality, where power should reside, and the use of that power.

Question 10

Government

Answer 10

the leadership or elite in charge of running a state.

Question 11

Country

Answer 11

term used to refer to state, government, regime and the people who live within that political system.

Question 12

Legitimacy

Answer 12

1. A value whereby an institution is accepted by the public as right and proper, thus giving it authority and power.
2. Power that relies on consent.

Question 13

Strong state

Answer 13

a state that is able to fulfil basic tasks.

Question 14

Weak state

Answer 14

a state that has difficulty fulfilling basic tasks.

Question 15

Capacity

Answer 15

the ability to wield power to carry out basic tasks (defending territory, making and enforcing rules, collecting taxes and managing the economy).

Question 16

Autonomy

Answer 16

ability to wield power independently of the public; informal, practical ability to act on that independence.

Question 17

Failed state

Answer 17

a state so weak that its political structure collapse, leading to anarchy and violence.

Question 18

Society

Answer 18

collection of people bound by shared institutions to define how human relations should be conducted.

Question 19

Cross-cutting division

Answer 19

a country’s major identity categories do not correspond with each other.

Question 20

Cumulate division

Answer 20

a country’s major group identities correspond to each other.

Question 21

Ethnicity

Answer 21

specific attributes and societal institutions to make one group of people culturally different from others.

Question 22

Nation

Answer 22

group that desires self-government through an independent state.

Question 23

Nationalism

Answer 23

pride in one’s people and the belief that they have a unique political destiny.

Question 24

Patriotism

Answer 24

pride in one’s state, with the intend of defending and promoting one’s political system.

Question 25

Political attitude

Answer 25

description of one’s views regarding the speed and methods with which political changes should take place in each society.

Question 26

Radicals

Answer 26

dramatic and revolutionary change.

Question 27

Liberals

Answer 27

evolutionary change through existing institutions.

Question 28

Conservatives

Answer 28

skeptical of change and supports the current order.

Question 29

Reactionaries

Answer 29

restoring of institutions of a real or imagined earlier order.

Question 30

Political ideology

Answer 30

basic values about the fundamental goals of politics or the ideal balance of freedom and equality.

Question 31

Liberalism

Answer 31

limited state role in society and economics.
individual, political and economic freedom.
low autonomy and capacity state

Question 32

Communis,

Answer 32

all wealth and property are shared to eliminate exploitation, oppression and the need for political institutions such as the state.
total equality
high autonomy and capacity

Question 33

Socialism

Answer 33

freedom and equality are balanced through the state’s management of the economy and the provision of social expenditures.
high autonomy and capacity

Question 34

Fascism

Answer 34

superiority and inferiority of different groups of people + low degree of both freedom and equality to achieve a powerful state.
high autonomy and capacity.

Question 35

Anarchism

Answer 35

elimination of the state and private property to achieve both freedom and equality for all.

Question 36

Fundamentalism

Answer 36

religion viewed as absolute and interact, legally enforced to make faith the sovereign authority.