Basic_Vocabulary Flashcards
abaku (a/u)
(A) send, lead, (B) uproot
abalu (a/a)
dry up, dry out (intrans.)
abatu (a/u)
(A) destroy, (B) flee (mostly in N stem)
abbuttu
slave lock (a hair-style characteristic of slaves)
abnu (m./f.)
stone
abu (pl. abbu)
father
abubu
deluge, flood
abullu
city-gate
adannu
(specified) moment, period (of time)
adaru (a/u)
(A) become worried, become disturbed, (B) fear, reverence
adi (prep./conj.)
until, up to, as long as, together with
adû (pl.)
formal agreement, treaty
agagu (a/u)
become angry
agaru (a/u)
hire, rent
agû
crown, tiara
agurru
baked brick, paving slab
ahameš (adv.)
each other, one another, together, alike
ahatu
sister
ahazu (a/u)
take, seize, marry, learn
ahu (pl. ahhu)
brother
ahu (pl. ahu or ahatu)
side of body, arm, bank, shore
ahû (adj.)
strange (person), foreigner, additional, other
aj (e or i)
not (vetitive particle)
ajjabu
enemy
ajjû
who, which, what (interrogative)
akalu
bread, food
akalu (a/u)
eat, consume, take for oneself, be entitled to the use of
alaku (a/i)
go, walk, move about, (with ventive) come, arrive
ali
where (interrogative)
allu
hoe alpu
amaru (a/u)
see, look at, examine, experience
ammini (< ana minim)
why (interrogative)
amtu
slave woman, slave girl
amurru
west
ana (prep.)
to, for, because of, in order to
anahu (a/a)
become tired, collapse
anaku
tin (and/or lead)
anaku
I
anduraru
freedom
annû
this (here or the aforementioned)
anumma (adv.)
now, now then, herewith
apalu (a/u)
answer, pay, repay
aplu
heir
appu
nose
appuna (adv.)
moreover, besides, in addition, furthermore
apputtu
please, it is urgent
apsû
underground lake (the freshwater sea that existed under the world)
araku (i/i)
become long
araru (a/u)
curse
arhiš (adv.)
quickly, soon
arhu
cow
arnu
crime, sin, guilt, punishment
asû
physician
ašar (prep./conj)
where
ašaridu (ašaredu)
first (class), foremost, prince
ašru
place
aššatu
wife
aššum (conj.)
because
aššum (prep.)
because of, on account of, on behalf of, regarding, concerning
atta
you (m. sing.)
atti
you (f. sing.)
attina
you (f. pl.)
attunu
you (m. pl.)
awatu (amatu)
word, matter, affair, decision, news
awilu (amelu)
man, citizen
awû (u/u)
speak (mostly in Gt)
ba’aru (a-class)
catch (fish/animals), hunt
ba’ašu (a-class)
come to shame
babu
gate
bakû (i/i)
weep, cry
balalu (a/u)
mix
bala#u (u/u)
become well, be alive, live
balu (prep.)
without
baniu
builder, maker
banû (i/i)
(A) build, create, engender, (B) become pleasant, become beautiful, grow
baqamu (a/u)
pluck (hair or wool)
baqaru (a/u)
claim (legally)
baraqu (i/i)
flash (of lightning), strike with lightning
barbaru
wolf
barû (i/i)
look at, inspect, observe
bašalu (a/a)
boil, roast, ripen
bašamu (i/i)
form, design, build
bašû (i/i)
be, exist, be present, be available
bataqu (a/u)
cut off, cut through, divide
bâ’u (a-class)
go along, go through, go over
ba#alu (i/i)
cease
beltu
lady, mistress
belu
lord, master, owner
bêlu (e-class)
rule
berû (e/e)
become hungry, go hungry, starve
beru
mile, double-hour
biltu
burden, tribute, rent, yield, talent (weight)
biri (or birit) (prep.)
between, among
birku
leg, knee, lap, sexual parts
birtu
citadel, castle, fort
biru
divination
bišu
possession
bitu
house, household, estate, temple, building
bubutu
hunger, famine, sustenance
budu
shoulder
bukru
son, child
bullu#u (D stem)
heal, give life to
bulu (collective)
(herd of) cattle, sheep, horses
bunu
face, features, appearance
buqlu
malt
burtu
well, cistern
buru
calf
bušu (bušû)
valuables, goods, property
bu’û (D and derived stems only)
seek, search for, examine, wish
dababu (u/u)
speak, tell
dabdû (damdû, dawdû)
defeat, massacre
dadmu (pl.)
inhabited world (settlements and inhabitants)
dagalu (a/u)
look (at)
dajjanu
judge
dâku (u-class)
kill, defeat, mistreat
dalahu (a/u)
stir up, disturb, confuse
dalalu (a/u)
proclaim, glorify, praise
daltu
door
damamu (u/u)
mourn
damaqu (i/i)
prosper, flourish, have good fortune, be pleasing
damu
blood
dananu (i/i)
become strong, become powerful
dannatu
famine, distress, fortress
danniš (adv.)
very, greatly, much
dannu (adj.)
strong, powerful, difficult, serious, severe
darû (adj.)
everlasting, perpetual, enduring
dekû (i/i)
remove, mobilize, arouse, muster, summon
diašu (i-class)
thresh
dianu (i-class)
judge, start a lawsuit
dimtu
tower, fortification
dimtu
tear, weeping
dinu
verdict, judgment, lawsuit, law, case
diparu
torch
dišpu
honey
dullu
misery, forced labor, work, ritual
duru
(A) city-wall, (B) continuity, permanent status
ebebu (i/i)
become (ritually) clean, become pure
eberu (i/i)
cross (over)
eburu
harvest, crop, summer
edelu (i/i)
lock
edešu (i/i)
become new
egû (i/i)
be careless, be negligent
ekallu (f.; pl. ekallatu)
palace
ekdu (adj.)
fierce
ekelu (i/i)
become dark
ekemu (i/i)
take away (by force)
ekurru (f.; pl. ekurratu)
temple
elelu (i/i)
become pure, become free
eli (prep.)
above, over, on, against, beyond
elippu (f.; pl. elippetu)
boat, ship
elû (adj.)
high
elû (i/i)
go up, become high
emedu (i/i)
lean against, impose (taxes, punishments, etc.)
emqu (adj.)
wise, skilled
emu
father-in-law, son-in-law
emuqu
strength
enequ (i/i)
suck
enešu (i/i)
become weak
enšu
weak
enû (i/i)
change (trans.)
enu
ruler, lord, high priest
enzu
she-goat, goat
eperu (epru)
dirt, dust
epešu (e/u;u/u)
make, do, act, perform
epinnu
(seeder) plow
epištu
work, act, deed, construction, ritual, magic
eqlu
field, area
erbû (arba’um)
four
erebu (u/u)
enter, go in
erenu
cedar
erešu
smell, scent, fragrance
erešu (i/i)
ask, request, desire
erešu (i/i;u/u;a/u)
cultivate, plow, seed
eriqqu (f.)
wagon, cart
erištu
wish, request, (object of) desire
erpetu
cloud
errešu
farmer, cultivator
erretum
curse, malediction
er$etu
earth
eršu (f.)
bed
erû
copper
eseru (i/i)
(A) press for payment, collect, (B) enclose, confine
e$edu (i/i)
harvest
e$emtu
bone
e$enu (i/i)
smell (trans.)
e$eru (i/i)
draw, make a design
ešeru (i/i)
go straight, prosper
ešrû (adj.)
tenth
ešrû (ešer)
ten
eššu
new
ešû (i/i)
confuse, trouble, become confused, become troubled
etellu
prince, lord
etequ (i/i)
pass by, pass through, go beyond, cross over
e#eru (i/i)
(A) take away, save, (B) pay
e#lu
(young) man
e#û (i/i)
become dark, become dim
ewû (i/i)
become, turn into, change (intrans.)
ezebu (i/i)
leave behind, abandon, divorce
ezezu (i/i)
become angry, become fierce
ezzu (adj.)
angry, fierce
gabbu
entirety, all, every
galatu (u/u)
twitch, become nervous, become frightened
gallabu
barber
gamalu (i/i)
spare, save, perform a kind act
gamaru (a/u)
bring to an end, come to an end, finish, end
gamru (adj.)
whole, complete
gašaru (i/i)
become powerful
gazazu (a/u)
shear (sheep and goats)
gerû (i/i)
become hostile, start a lawsuit
gigunû
terrace-temple
gimillu
act of kindness, favor, mercy
gimru
totality, all, universe
girru (m.)
fire
girru (m./f.)
road, journey, caravan, military campaign
gišimmaru (m./f.)
date palm
gišnugallu
alabaster
gitmalu (adj.)
equal, noble, perfect
gugallu
water regulator, canal inspector
gullubu (D stem)
shave, shave off
gušuru
log, beam
habalu (a/u)
(A) oppress, wrong, ravage, (B) borrow
habatu (a/u)
rob, take away (by force)
hadû (u/u;i/i)
rejoice, become glad
halapu (u/u)
cover, clothe
halaqu (i/i)
vanish, become lost, escape, flee, run away
hal$u
fortress, fortification, district
hama#u (a/u)
burn, be inflamed
hama#u (u/u)
hasten, be quick
hamšu (adj.)
fifth
hamšu (hamiš)
five
harpu (adj.)
early
harranu
road, trip, caravan, military expedition
hasasu (a/u)
think of, be mindful of, heed, become intelligent
hasisu
ear, hearing, intelligence, understanding
ha$$inu
axe
hašahu (i/i;a/u)
need, require, desire, like
hašû
lungs
hattu (f.)
panic, fear
ha##u
scepter, staff, stick
ha#û (i/i)
make a mistake, neglect, sin
hazannu
mayor
hegallu
abundance
hepû (i/i)
break
herû (i/i)
dig
hia#u (i-class)
watch over, examine, search, pay
himetu
ghee
hitu
fault, harm, negligence, sin
hubullu
debt, obligation, interest (on a debt)
hulqu
lost (object)
hura$u
gold
huršanu (pl.)
mountain (region)
hušahhu
famine, scarcity, need
ibru
friend, peer
idu (m./f.)
arm, side
idu (pl.)
hire, wages, rent
idû (i/i irreg.)
know
igaru
wall
ikkaru
plowman, farmer, cultivator
ikkibu
crime, abomination
ikletu
darkness
ilku
feudal service (required goods or services provided in exchange for the use of land)
illatu (f.)
clan, confederates, army, caravan
iltu
goddess
ilu
god
imbaru
fog, mist
imeru
ass, homer (measure of capacity)
imittu
right (side or hand; m. = imnu)
immeru
sheep
ina (prep.)
in, into, from, out of, with, by means of
inanna (adv.)
now
inbu
fruit, fruit tree
inu (f.)
eye
inu (conj.)
when, at the time that
inuma (conj.)
when, after, while, as soon as
ipru
(barley) ration, food allowance
irbu
gifts (to god or king), income (of temple, etc.)
irtu
chest, breast
isinnu
festival
isqu
lot, share, fortune
i$$uru
bird
i$u
wood, tree
išaru (adj.)
straight, just, prosperous, favorable
išatu
fire
išdu (usually du.)
foundation, base, bottom
iškaru (m./f.)
(assigned) work, work assignment, finished product
išparu (ušparu)
weaver
iššiakku
(city) ruler, (a type of) farmer
ištanu (iltanu)
north
išten
one
ištenu (adj.)
first
ištu (prep./conj.)
from, out of, after, since
išû (u or i; irreg.)
have
itinnu
(house) builder
itti (prep.)
(together) with, from
ittu
mark, sign, omen
ittû (i##û)
(crude) bitumen
itû
border, adjacent to, neighbor
janu
(there) is not, (there) are not
jâši
to me, for me (dat.)
jâti
me (acc.)
kabaru (i/i)
become thick
kabasu (a/u)
step, tread (on)
kabattu
liver, heart, mind, humor
kabatu (i/i)
become heavy
kabtu
heavy, important, difficult
kadru
wild, fierce, raging
kajjaniš (adv.)
constantly
kajjanu (adj.)
lasting, enduring, perpetual
kakkabu
star
kakku
weapon, mace
kalâmu
every kind, all
kalbu
dog
kalû
totality, all, whole, entirety
kalû (a/a)
hold back, retain, stop
kamaru (a/u;i/i)
pile up, amass
kamasu (i/i)
(A) gather together, (B) bow down, kneel
kamû (i/i)
bind
kanaku (a/u)
seal
kanašu (u/u)
humble oneself, submit, bow down
kânu (u-class)
become firm, become true
kapadu (u/u)
plan, scheme, arrange
kaparu (a/u)
wipe off
kappu
wing
karabu (a/u)
bless, pray, dedicate, greet
karanu
wine
karmu
ruin, wasteland
karpatu
vessel, pot
karû (i/i;u/u)
become short
karu
quay, trading-post, warehouse, commercial center
kaspu
silver, money
kasû (u/u;i/i)
bind
kasu
cup, goblet
ka$aru (a/u)
knot, fasten, join (together)
ka$û (i/i)
become cold
kašadu (a/u)
reach, arrive, conquer
katamu (a/u)
clothe, cover
ki (prep./conj.)
like, as, so
kiam (adv.)
thus, so, as follows
kibratu (pl.)
quarters, world-regions
kibru
bank, shore, edge
kidanu (adv.)
outside, out
kidinnu
(type of) privilege, protection
kilalla(n) (du. tantum)
both
kima (prep./conj.)
like, as, when, as soon as, that
kimtu
family
kimu
in place of, as
kiniš
truly
kinu (adj.)
faithful, true, firm, permanent
kirû
orchard, garden
kišadu
bank (of a river), neck, throat
kišpu
sorcery, magic
kiššatu
totality, world, universe
kittu
truth, permanence, faithfulness, justice
kudurru
boundary, boundary-stone
kullu (D stem only)
hold (firmly), hold back
kullumu (D stem only)
show
kunašu
emmer (wheat)
kunukku
seal, sealed document
kupru
bitumen
kurru
kor (dry measure)
kurummatu
(daily) food (allowance), nourishment, per diem
kussû
chair, throne
ku$u
cold, winter
la
not
labanu (i/i)
(A) throw down, (B) make bricks
labaru (i/i)
become old
labašu (a/a;i/i)
clothe (oneself), wear (clothes), put on (clothes)
labbu (labu)
lion
labiru (adj.)
old
lama (prep./conj.)
before (time)
lamadu (a/a)
learn, know, find out
lamassu
protective spirit, genie
lapan (prep./conj.)
before
lapanu (i/i)
become poor
lapatu (a/u)
touch, grasp, afflict
lasamu (u.u)
run, gallop
lawû (i/i)
surround, encircle, besiege
lemenu (i/i)
become bad, become evil
lemnu (adj.)
bad, evil
leqû (i/i)
take, receive, accept
letu
cheek
le’û (i/i)
be able, win, overcome
le’u
tablet
libbatu
rage, fury
libbu
heart, mind, inside, middle, midst
libittu
(mud) brick
limmu (limu)
(year) eponym
limu
thousand
lišanu
tongue, language
lu
be it, indeed, even if (precative, optative, or asseverative particle)
lu … lu
either … or
NAME?
and
ma
(particle introducing direct speech)
ma’adu (i-class)
become many, become numerous
madadu (a/u)
measure (grain)
madattu
tribute
ma’du (adj.)
many, numerous
magaru (a/u)
be in agreement, reach an agreement, agree, please, grant
maharu (a/u)
receive, face, oppose, confront
maha$u (a/a)
beat, strike
mahazu
cult-city, cult-place
mahiru
price, value, exchange rate
mahru
front, front side
mahrû (adj.)
first, former, earliest, next
mala (prep./conj.)
as much as
malahu (malahhu)
sailor, boatman
malaku (i/i)
plan, take counsel
malku
prince, counsellor
malû (a/a)
become full
mamman
anyone (in neg., no one)
mannu
who (interrogative)
manû
mina (unit of weight)
manû (u/u)
count
maqatu
fall, happen, arrive
mara$u (u/u)
become ill, become sick, become difficult
marru
spade, shovel
mar$u (f. maruštum) (adj.)
sick, difficult, painful
martu
liver, gall bladder
martu
daughter
maru
son, child, descendant, member (of a group)
mašahu (a/u)
measure
mašku
skin, hide, leather
mašmaššu
exorcist
mašû (i/i)
forget
mati(ma)
at any time, whenever
matu (pl. matatu)
country, land
mâtu (u-class)
die
ma#û (i/i)
become small
melammu
brightness, splendor
mereštu
cultivation, field
mesû (i/i)
wash
migru
favorite
milku
advice, plan, counsel, consideration, mood, intent
milu
flood, high water
mimma
anything (with neg. ’nothing’), whatever
mimma šumšu
anything whatsoever, everything (lit. ‘whatever its name’)
mimmû
property, goods
minu
what (interrogative)
miqittu
fall
mi$ru
boundary, border area, district
mišlu
half
mišaru
justice
mithariš (adv.)
equally
mitu (adj.)
dead
mû (pl. tantum)
water
mudû
savant, one who knows, knower
muhhu
top (of the head), top part
muštalu
prudent
mušu
night
mutu
husband
mutu
death
na’adu (i-class)
pay attention to, be careful, be pious
nabalkutu
cross over, transgress, revolt
nabalu (a/u)
destroy
nabû (i/i)
call, name
nadanu (i/i)
give
nâdu (a-class)
praise
nadû (i/i)
throw, throw down, drop
naggaru
carpenter
nagiru
herald
nagû
province, region
nakadu (u/u)
beat (of the heart), become disturbed
nakaru (i/i)
become different, become hostile, deny
nakasu (i/i)
cut (through), cut off, cut down
nakru (pl. nakrutu)
enemy, hostile, outsider
namašu (u/u)
move, move on, start out
namkuru
property, possession
namru (adj.)
bright, shining
napalsuhu
prostate oneself
naparkû
cease, fail, stop (work)
napahu (a/u)
kindle, start a fire
napašu (u/u)
become broad, spread (intrans.)
napharu
total
napištu
breath, life
naplusu (N stem only)
look at, look on (favorably)
nappahu
smith
naqaru (a/u)
destroy, demolish
naqbu
spring, source
naqidu
herdsman, shepherd
naqû (i/i)
pour out, make a libation, offer
naramu
beloved narkabtu
narû
stele
naru
river, stream, canal
nâru (a- or e-class)
kill
nasahu (a/u)
tear out, uproot, transfer, deduct
nasaku (u/u)
lay down, throw down
nasaqu (a/u)
select, choose
na$aru (a/u)
guard, preserve, keep, watch (over)
našaku (a/u)
bite
našaqu (i/i)
kiss
našû (i/i)
lift, bear, carry, raise
nâšu (u-class)
shake, quake
na#alu (a/u)
look at, glance at, see
nawaru (namaru)
shine, be bright
nawû
steppe, uncultivated land, nomadic encampment
nemelu
profit
nemequ
wisdom
nertu
murder
nesû (adj.)
distant, remote
nešu
lion
