Basic Vocabulary

Question 1

Binary files

Answer 1

Computer-readable files.

Question 2

Binary number system

Answer 2

Number system used by computers that uses only digits 0 and 1. Also called base 2.

Question 3

Bit (Binary digiT)

Answer 3

A single 0 or 1 in binary code.

Question 4

Byte

Answer 4

A group of 8 bits.

Question 5

Cache

Answer 5

High-speed memory used to store frequently used data so that it can be quickly retrieved by an application.

Question 6

Compiler

Answer 6

A program that converts an entire pro­gram into machine code before the program is executed.

Question 7

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

Answer 7

Processes data and controls the flow of data between the computer’s other units. Also contains the ALU. Located on the motherboard.

Question 8

File

Answer 8

A collection of related data stored on a lasting medium.

Question 9

Folder

Answer 9

Used to organize commonly related files.

Question 10

Gigabytes (GB)

Answer 10

Approximately one billion bytes.

Question 11

Input device

Answer 11

Device used to enter data and instructions into the computer.

Question 12

Java

Answer 12

A programming language and computing platform that was first released in 1995.

Question 13

Kilobytes (K)

Answer 13

Approximately a thousand bytes.

Question 14

LAN (Local Area Network)

Answer 14

A network used to connect devices within a small area.

Question 15

Megabytes (MB)

Answer 15

Approximately one million bytes.

Question 16

Network

Answer 16

A combination of software and hardware that allows computers to exchange data and to share software and devices; such as printers.

Question 17

Object-oriented programming (OOP)

Answer 17

An approach to programming where modules are created that can be used over and over again.

Question 18

Operating system

Answer 18

Software that allows the user to communicate with the computer. Types include multiuser; multiprocessing; multitasking; multi­threading; or real time.

Question 19

Output device

Answer 19

A device used to convey processed data.

Question 20

Peripheral device

Answer 20

A device attached to a PC.

Question 21

Programming languages

Answer 21

A set of words; codes; and symbols that allows a programmer to communicate with the computer.

Question 22

RAM (Random Access Memory)

Answer 22

Memory that temporarily stores data and instructions. Also called primary or main memory.

Question 23

Storage devices

Answer 23

Devices that use persistent media to maintain files. Also referred to as drives; mass storage; and auxiliary storage.

Question 24

Unicode

Answer 24

A digital code that uses a set of sixteen Is and Os to form a 16-bit binary code for each symbol.

Question 25

Utility program

Answer 25

Program run by the operating system to manage input and output; read and write to memory; manage the processor; maintain system security; and manage files and disks.

Question 26

Web browser

Answer 26

Interprets an HTML document to display a web page.

Question 27

Word

Answer 27

Bits grouped in units of 16 to 64.