Basic Tools_Ch 18 Flashcards
Pareto Charts are presented as _______ charts with the highest levels of incidence to the ______.
bar / left
Pareto Charts, used to prioritize problems and check performance of results, can help mgmt focus on problems and solutions with the _______ _______.
greatest payback
T or F
Quality tools and techniques are used to:
- Define Processes
- Identify & Characterize Problems
- Report Results
T
What are the three names commonly used for the diagram that visually shows causal factors of a given effect?
- Ishikawa Diagram
- Fishbone “
- Cause and Effect (C-E) “
T or F
The three common characteristics of C-E diagrams are:
- Represents contributing factors
- Shows causal factor relationships
- Causal factors usually based on known data
T
C-E diagrams are an effective way of _______ and _______ the causes of observed events because of their _______ characteristic.
generating / organizing / structured
______ ______ and ______ _______ are used to depict steps or activities in a process or system that produces some output.
Flow Charts / Process Mapping
T or F
Flow Charts are generally not that effective for analyzing and understanding complicated or disorganized processes.
F - actually effective
Auditors use flow charts to understand _______ and _______ processes during audit _______.
production / service / preparation
As a variation on Flow Charts, ______ ______ are good at showing inputs, outputs, and areas of departmental responsibility along a _______.
Process Maps / timeline
T or F
Auditors need to be able to produce Statistical Process Charts (SPC) because they are integral to the continuous improvement processes of an Auditee.
F - While integral to the CI Process, Auditors need only interpret SPC Charts, not make them.
Statistical Process Control (SPC) recognizes random _______ always exists, so the goal is to control _______, not individual _______.
variation / distribution / dimension
T or F
Because it is advantageous for a business to operate within tight tolerances with limited defects, QC Technicians use SPC Charts to ensure processes are “good enough”, to minimize the wasting of resources.
T
Variations, identified in SPC Charts, stem from either _______ or _______ causes
common / special
_______ _______ variations repeat randomly, within predictable limits, and can result from chance, random, system, or inherent causes.
Common Cause