Basic terms used in immunology

Question 1

A molecule that stimulates immune response (generally proteins

Answer 1

Antigen

Question 2

Small portion of antigen which by it self can not elicit immune reaction

Answer 2

Hapten

Question 3

Part of Antigen recognized by the immune system

Answer 3

Epitope

Question 4

protein (globulin) which is reactive against specific antigen

Answer 4

Antibody

Question 5

part of antibody which recognizes the antigen

Answer 5

Paratope

Question 6

are proteins used for intercellular communication and intracellular signaling pathways

Answer 6

Cytokines

Question 7

kind of cytokines

Answer 7

Interleukins

Question 8

is the means of providing specific protection against a damaging pathogen

Answer 8

Immunization

Question 10

refers to an antigen induced specific unresponsiveness

Answer 10

Tolerance

Question 11

failure of immune system to develop tolerance for self-proteins and starting immune response

Answer 11

Autoimmunity

Question 12

capacity of immune system to remember an antigen and react more vigorously upon re-exposure of the same antigen

Answer 12

Immunological memory

Question 13

a set of physiological reactions to damage of tissue integrity, leading to protection against infection, localization and restriction of damaged site and finally
to healing

Answer 13

Inflammation

Question 14

disease-causing agent

Answer 14

Pathogen

Question 15

a pathogen which cause disease almost every time it invades a healthy individual even in low numbers.

Answer 15

Primary pathogen

Question 16

pathogens of low virulence that will only cause disease if
administered in very high doses or if the immune defenses of the body are impaired first

Answer 16

Opportunistic pathogen