Basic Terms and Concepts Flashcards
The study of the sound system of language and includes the rules that govern its spoken form.
Phonology
An area of language that studies the structure of words and analyzes how words are built out of pieces.
Morphology
The smallest meaningful unit of a language.
morpheme
An area of language that consists of organizational rules denoting a word, phrase, and clause order, sentence organization and the relationship between words, and other sentence elements.
syntax
The study of linguistic meaning including meaning of words, phrases, and sentences.
semantics
It refers to the study of language used to communicate within various situational contexts (e.g., reason for talking, conversational skills, and flexibility to modify speech)
pragmatics
The impairment in the ability to receive, send, process, and comprehend concepts including verbal, nonverbal, and graphic symbols.
communication impairment
When an oral, verbal communication is so deviant from the norm to a point that it is noticeable and it interferes with communication.
speech disorder
It refers to impaired comprehension and/or use of spoken, written, and/or other symbol systems.
language disorder
What are the three (3) components under Speech?
articulation, fluency, and voice
It refers to the motor processes involved in the planning and execution of sequences of overlapping gestures that result in speech.
articulation
Articulation is a specific, gradually developing motor skill that involves mainly ______________ process.
peripheral motor
It represents physical sound realities as end products of articulatory motor processes
speech sounds
Speech sounds have ________ form and ________ function.
articulatory; linguistic
The smallest linguistic unit that, when combined with other units, establish word meanings.
phoneme
The changes which occur in a phoneme when produced by speakers in differing contexts, but do not change the meaning of a word.
allophone
The description of the allowed combinations of phonemes in a particular language.
phonotactics
Two words that differ in only one phoneme value.
minimal pairs
It refers to the difficulties with the motor production aspects of speech or an inability to produce certain speech sounds.
articulation disorder
Four (4) atypical productions of speech sounds that may interfere with intelligibility.
substitution, omission, addition, distortions
It refers to the impaired comprehension of the sound system of a language and the rules that govern the sound combinations.
phonological disorder
The repertoire of phonemes used contrastively by an individual.
phonemic inventory
The study of speech emphasizing the description and classification of speech sounds according to their production, transmission, and perceptual features.
phonetics
What are the three (3) branches of phonetics?
articulatory phonetics
acoustic phonetics
auditory phonetics
It describes and classifies the specific motor processes responsible for the production of speech sounds.
articulatory phonetics
Give examples of the transmission properties of speech.
frequency, intensity, and duration of speech sounds
vowels: __________ constriction
consonants: _________ constriction
no significant; significant
