Basic Terms and Concepts

Question 1

The study of the sound system of language and includes the rules that govern its spoken form.

Answer 1

Phonology

Question 2

An area of language that studies the structure of words and analyzes how words are built out of pieces.

Answer 2

Morphology

Question 3

The smallest meaningful unit of a language.

Answer 3

morpheme

Question 4

An area of language that consists of organizational rules denoting a word, phrase, and clause order, sentence organization and the relationship between words, and other sentence elements.

Answer 4

syntax

Question 5

The study of linguistic meaning including meaning of words, phrases, and sentences.

Answer 5

semantics

Question 6

It refers to the study of language used to communicate within various situational contexts (e.g., reason for talking, conversational skills, and flexibility to modify speech)

Answer 6

pragmatics

Question 7

The impairment in the ability to receive, send, process, and comprehend concepts including verbal, nonverbal, and graphic symbols.

Answer 7

communication impairment

Question 8

When an oral, verbal communication is so deviant from the norm to a point that it is noticeable and it interferes with communication.

Answer 8

speech disorder

Question 9

It refers to impaired comprehension and/or use of spoken, written, and/or other symbol systems.

Answer 9

language disorder

Question 10

What are the three (3) components under Speech?

Answer 10

articulation, fluency, and voice

Question 11

It refers to the motor processes involved in the planning and execution of sequences of overlapping gestures that result in speech.

Answer 11

articulation

Question 12

Articulation is a specific, gradually developing motor skill that involves mainly ______________ process.

Answer 12

peripheral motor

Question 13

It represents physical sound realities as end products of articulatory motor processes

Answer 13

speech sounds

Question 14

Speech sounds have ________ form and ________ function.

Answer 14

articulatory; linguistic

Question 15

The smallest linguistic unit that, when combined with other units, establish word meanings.

Answer 15

phoneme

Question 16

The changes which occur in a phoneme when produced by speakers in differing contexts, but do not change the meaning of a word.

Answer 16

allophone

Question 17

The description of the allowed combinations of phonemes in a particular language.

Answer 17

phonotactics

Question 18

Two words that differ in only one phoneme value.

Answer 18

minimal pairs

Question 19

It refers to the difficulties with the motor production aspects of speech or an inability to produce certain speech sounds.

Answer 19

articulation disorder

Question 20

Four (4) atypical productions of speech sounds that may interfere with intelligibility.

Answer 20

substitution, omission, addition, distortions

Question 21

It refers to the impaired comprehension of the sound system of a language and the rules that govern the sound combinations.

Answer 21

phonological disorder

Question 22

The repertoire of phonemes used contrastively by an individual.

Answer 22

phonemic inventory

Question 23

The study of speech emphasizing the description and classification of speech sounds according to their production, transmission, and perceptual features.

Answer 23

phonetics

Question 24

What are the three (3) branches of phonetics?

Answer 24

articulatory phonetics
acoustic phonetics
auditory phonetics

Question 25

It describes and classifies the specific motor processes responsible for the production of speech sounds.

Answer 25

articulatory phonetics

Question 26

Give examples of the transmission properties of speech.

Answer 26

frequency, intensity, and duration of speech sounds

Question 27

vowels: __________ constriction
consonants: _________ constriction

Answer 27

no significant; significant