Basic Terms Flashcards
Cultural Anthropology
Heavily concerned with understanding the variations of knowledge, morals, laws, religion, etc. that occur between different societies
Physical/ Biological Anthropology
Very science based; concerned with the biological aspects of human beings from an evolutionary perspective
Linguistic Anthropology
History and languages and their evolution as well as endangered languages before they disappear completely
Creole
Two parent languages coming together to form a new language that their children use primarily
Archaeology
Hard work dedicated to discovering objects, artifacts and architecture
Functionalism
Alfred Radcliffe & Bronislaw Malinowinski
Attempting to describe how a culture was created by examining the relationships between and the different parts of society
Structuralism
Claude Levi - Strauss
Discovering hidden rules in culture
Binairy oppositions: Hot - cold Male- female
Cultural Materialism
Marvin Harris
Incorporates ideas from marxism as well as has the three levels; Infrastructure, structure and superstructure. CM supports cultural determinism
Psychoanalysis
Sigmund Freud
id, ego, superego as well as the unconscious mind
psychosexual stages
Id
SF
Unconscious; instinctual drives (bad decisions)
(opposite of superego)
Ego
SF
Conscious; Rational, organized and realistic as well as conscious
Superego
SF
mostly unconscious; ideals, values & guilt morality
(opposite of Id)
Behaviourism
Anything anyone does can be recognized as a behaviour. Goal is to discover how people learn
Classical Conditioning
Ivan Pavlov
Dog experiment with bell and food
Stimuli come together to create a new response
Opperant Conditioning
BF Skinner
Bird Missile; Behaviour is a result of reinforcing consequences and the different types of reinforcement
Cognitive Psychology
Noam Chomsky
Thinking impacts behaviour, therefore could not be a behaviour itself
Globilization
Increasingly closer integrations of countries, cultures and economies, Few get more wealthy and many get more poor.
Conflict Theories
Feminist Theory
Marxism
Anthropological Schools of Thought
Functionalism
Structuralism
Cultural materialism
Psychological Schools of Thought
Psychoanalytical Theory
Behaviourism
Learning Theory
Structural- Functionalism ED
Why are some societies successful while others fall apart? Systems working together and the theory that society functions better when there are shared values
Technological Determinism
Technology drives and shapes societies structure and culture ( the cause and effect between technology and social change)
Cognitivism arose due to the rejections of which behaviour? NC
The prompt that thinking is not actually classified as a behaviour
No other branch would be possible without the discoveries made in this area
options: Linguistic, Archaeology, Cultural or Biological
Archaeology
Examines knowledge, laws, morals and customs that occur between different societies
options: Linguistic, Archaeology, Cultural or Biological
Cultural
Documentation of endangered languages and drew connection between culture and languages
options: Linguistic, Archaeology, Cultural or Biological
Linguistic
Essential in the debate on evolution. subdivisions include human adaptation
options: Linguistic, Archaeology, Cultural or Biological
Physical/ Biological
which of the major disciplines can be described as the study of the development and structure of society
options: Sociology, Anthropology, Archaeology or Psychology
sociology
