Basic terminology, Frequency distribution, Histograms

Question 1

population

Answer 1

large group of individuals

Question 2

data

Answer 2

facts or observations

Question 3

statistics

Answer 3

analyzes data

Question 4

variables

Answer 4

data that can vary or are changeable, basically both x and y

Question 5

variable types

Answer 5

• quantitative
• qualitative
• continuous
• discrete

Question 6

quantitative variable example

Answer 6

age, income, number of children, GPA

Question 7

quantitative variable

Answer 7

variables that are presented in numerical form

Question 8

qualitative variable example

Answer 8

place of origin, gender

Question 9

qualitative variable

Answer 9

variables that are organized into categories

Question 10

continuous variable

Answer 10

a variable that seemingly has an infinite number of possibilities EX age (I can be 19.31 years old)

Question 11

discrete variable

Answer 11

a variable that only have a certain number of possible outcomes EX whole integers

Question 12

discrete variables that are considered continuous

Answer 12

income is a variable that can have a specific range of outcomes, but it is moreso considered continuous because of the many possible outcomes

Question 13

sample

Answer 13

subset/smaller group of one whole population

Question 14

sample types

Answer 14

• representative
• random
• biased

Question 15

representative sample

Answer 15

members in a sample that represent a population as a whole

Question 16

biased sample

Answer 16

a sample that is not random

Question 17

sample mean

Answer 17

a statistic true to the sample, not the population

Question 18

population/true mean

Answer 18

a statistic that is true for the whole population

Question 19

frequency distribution

Answer 19

sorts data into classes

Question 20

class width

Answer 20

the number difference between the first number of one class and the first number of the next class

Question 21

each class of the frequency distribution has a…

Answer 21

class width

Question 22

class width example

Answer 22

the first class is 0-9, second class is 10-19, so the class width is 10 since 10-0=10

Question 23

choosing a class width

Answer 23

calculate the range of data, then divide by the number of classes you want

Question 24

choosing a class width example

Answer 24

lightest member is 172lbs, heaviest is 250lbs, so range is 78 and if i want 5 classes then do 78+5=15.6 or 15

Question 25

normal distribution

Answer 25

the frequency distribution initially starts low, then its highest, then low again kind of like an upside down parabola

Question 26

uniform distribution

Answer 26

frequencies are constant..? so each class would roughly have the same number

Question 27

exponential distribution

Answer 27

the maximum frequency will be at the end of one range (beginning or end)

Question 28

bimodal distribution

Answer 28

two maximums frequencies

Question 29

frequency

Answer 29

The amount in each class of a frequency distribution

Question 30

Two rules that are required for frequency distribution are…

Answer 30

that the class widths are consistent for each class and there are at least 5 classes

Question 31

Steps to create a frequency distribution

Answer 31

1) Find the lowest number and highest number of the data
2) Do highest# minus lowest# which would equal the “range”
3) Divide the “range” by the number of classes you are using which equals the “class width”
4) The “class width” is rounded to a whole number
5) Then create an x&y chart
6) The X column includes all the data for the lowest-highest numbers
7) The Y column answers the X column
8) Then looking at the Y column numbers, identify the type of distribution (normal=parabola, uniform=line, exponentional=exponential line, bimodal=two parabolas)

Question 32

What is a histogram ?

Answer 32

a visual representation of a frequency distribution

Question 33

What goes on the vertical axis?

Answer 33

frequency

Question 34

What goes on the horizontal axis?

Answer 34

classes