Basic Terminology

Question 1

The Scientific Method

Answer 1

• Mathematical and experimental technique employed in thesciences.
• It is the technique used in the construction and testing of ascientific hypothesis.
• The scientific methods is used to test and develop theories

Question 2

Hypothesis

Answer 2

An idea / a hunch / something yet to be testet / an assumption before research is done

Question 3

Theory

Answer 3

Something developed based on the testing of hypotheses and lots of research and experiments

Question 4

What is an experiment?

Answer 4

An experiment tests how an Independent Variable influences a Dependent Variable.

Question 5

Two types of experiments (depending on subjects)

Answer 5

1. Between-subject designs
   (Each participant is tested in only one condition)
2. Within-subject designs = repeated measures design
   (Each participant is tested under all conditions one after the other)

Question 6

Correlational research

Answer 6

Finds relationships but can’t prove causality

Question 7

Experimental research

Answer 7

Tests for cause-and-effect by manipulating variables

Question 8

A population

Answer 8

Any complete group with at least one characteristic in common

Question 9

Null hypothesis

Answer 9

There is no difference between our samples (unlikely to be sampled from different populations)

Question 10

Alternative hypothesis

Answer 10

There is a difference in the means between our sample distributions (likely to be sampled from different underlying populations)

Question 11

Null Hypothesis Significance Testing (NHST)

Answer 11

Cannot prove alternative hypothesis, but CAN reject null hypothesis