Basic Terminology Flashcards
What does phonetics study?
It studies the characteristics of all possible human sounds. It provides methods for the description, classification, and transcription of speech sounds.
What does phonology study?
It studies sound systems in language, as well as, the way in which language’s speakers systematically use a selection of those sounds in order to express meaning.
What does phonology study?
It studies sound systems in language, as well as, the way in which language speakers systematically use a selection of those sounds in order to express meaning.
What is the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)?
It is a system of transcribing the sounds of language. It is a method of writing down speech sounds in a systematic and consistent way.
What are the unsystematic representations of sounds in orthography?
1) a single letter may represent different sounds, 2) a combination of letters may represent a single sound, 3) different letters may represent a single sound, 4) some sounds may not be pronounced in certain words, 5) some sounds may not be represented in spelling, 6) one letter may represent two sounds.
What is a segment?
It is an individual speech sound. Vowels and consonants are segment on which the speech is composed of.
What is a suprasegmental?
Phenomena that stretch beyond the segment, that is stress, intonation, rhythm.
What are articulators?
Parts of the vocal tract that are involved in the articulation/ production of sounds.
Name the articulators.
Lips, teeth, alveolar ridge, hard palate, soft palate or velum, uvula, tongue, larynx, and pharynx
Name the parts of the tongue.
Tip, blade, front, back, root.
What are consonantal sounds?
Sounds that constrict airflow in the oral cavity.
What are the 3 common descriptive parameters of consonantal sounds?
- place of articulation (where a constriction is made), 2. manner of articulation (how it is made), 3. voicing state (what phonation supports it).
Name the manners of articulation.
Plosives or stops, fricatives, nasals, approximants, laterals, and more.
What are vocalic sounds?
Sounds with free passage of airflow through the vocal tract.
What are the 3 common descriptive parameters of vocalic sounds?
- tongue height dimension, 2. tongue front/back dimension, 3. lip rounding.
