Basic Surgical Techniques Flashcards
what are the three basic surgical technique principles
risk assessment
aseptic technique
minimal trauma to hard and soft tissues
name the 12 stages of surgery
consent
surgical pause/ safety check
anaesthesia
access
bone removal as necessary
tooth division as necessary
debridement
suture
achieve haemostasis
post op instructions
post of meds
follow up
what are the three things to look at on the radiological assessment of a tooth to be extracted
root morphology
the bone
surrounding structures
what level of consent should be achieved for procedures requiring general anaesthetic or sedation
written consent
what must be stated in the written consent
risks and complications
what steps should be involved in the surgical safety checklist
check correct patient - check DOB and address
get patient to tell you what tooth they understand is being extracted in their own words
what is the step that would come after the surgical safety checklist
administering local anaesthesia
how deep should the surgical access flap be
down to the bone
what is a mucoperiosteal flap
lifting the mucosa and the periosteum - this is maximal access with minimal trauma
why when doing a 3 sided flap in the mandible do you not leave distal-leave-in incisions
this is where the lingual nerve sits
what is another term for a two sided flap
envelop flap
what handpiece and bur is used for bone removal
electrical straight handpiece with saline cooled bur
how fast does the electrical straight handpiece and saline cooled bur used rotate
40 revs per minute
what is surgical emphysema
air driven into soft tissues near the bone - can be life threatening and can spread to neck and chest, causing sepsis in worst case scenario
why do we not use air driven handpieces in oral surgery
may lead to surgical emphysema
name some uses of elevators
provide a point of application for forceps
loosen teeth prior to forceps
extract a tooth without forceps
removal of multiple root stumps
removal of retained roots
removal of root apices
what are the three movements you can use with the elevator
wheel and axle
wedge
lever
what are the six points of application
mesial
buccal
distal
superior (upper)
mesial buccal
Inferior (lower)
what is used for physical debridement
bone file or handpiece to remove sharp bony edges
mitchells trimmer or victoria curette to remove soft tissue debris
what are the aims of suturing
reposition tissues
cover bone
prevent wound breakdown
achieve haemostasis
encourage healing by primary intention
what are indications of non-absorbable sutures
extended retention periods required
must be removed post op
closure of OAF or exposure of canine tooth
what are indications of polyfilament sutures
easier to handle
several filaments twisted together
prone to wicking - oral fluids and bacteria move along the length of the suture and can result in infection
what are the indications of absorbable sutures
holds tissues together temporarily
if a removal of suture is not possible
review not required
what is the mode of function of absorbable sutures
vicryl breakdown via absorption of water into filaments causes polymer to degrade
