BASIC SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

Question 1

Torricelli (italian), Von Guericke (German), and Pascal (French) performed scientific studies of the atmosphere. They invented

Answer 1

the barometer

Question 2

In 1670, ____________ wrote about an “aerial ship.” Proposed that the spheres be made out of very thin copper

Answer 2

Francesco de Lana

Question 3

Developments that ___________________________ made distributing material easier, allowed scientists to compare notes

Answer 3

reduced the cost of printing

Question 4

Laurenco de Gusmao invented the

Answer 4

hot-air balloon

Question 5

In 1766, Henry Cavendish discovered

Answer 5

“flammable air’’ AKA hydrogen

Question 6

Montgolfier Brothers demonstrated their balloon before King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette on September 19, 1783.

Attached a cage to their balloon and the first living passengers:

Answer 6

a sheep, a rooster and a duck

Question 7

The first men to fly in a lighter-than-air craft rode a Montgolfier balloon into the air over Paris on November 21, 1783

Answer 7

Pilatre de Rozier and Marquis d’Arlandes

Question 8

__________ developed small globe of rubberized silk to hold hydrogen

Answer 8

J.A.C. Charles

Question 9

In 1797, Andre-Jacques Garnerin made the first parachute jump from a balloon flying at an altitude of

Answer 9

3,000 feet.

Question 10

In 1785, Jean Pierre Blanchard and Dr. John Jeffries made the first balloon flight from____________.

Answer 10

one nation to another. They flew across the English Channel from England to France.

Question 11

In 1798, Jeanne-Genevieve Garnerin became

Answer 11

one of the earliest women to fly in a balloon.

Question 12

Jeanne-Genevieve Garnerin became first woman to

Answer 12

ascend solo and was the first woman to make a parachute descend

Question 13

Madame Blanchard was also the first woman ____________________(1819, in Paris)

Answer 13

to be killed in a ballooning accident

Question 14

The first balloon flight in the United States took place in ___________, on January 9, 1793.

Answer 14

Pennsylvania

Question 15

Hydrogen also had a serious disadvantage—

Answer 15

it was highly flammable and many people were killed before a safer gas (helium) came into use

Question 16

In 1785 Jean Baptiste Meusnier made several suggestions that eventually led to

Answer 16

successful dirigibles

Question 17

Henri Giffard built a cigar-shaped dirigible, powered by a 3 hp steam engine which became _____________________

Answer 17

the first successful one in the world.

Question 18

Dirigibles had limited range. Invention of the ____________________ made dirigibles a real success.

Answer 18

internal combustion engine

Question 19

Paul Haenlein built the first dirigible powered by ________________ in 1872. used coal gas.

Answer 19

an internal combustion engine

Question 20

The problem with the coal-gas dirigible:

Answer 20

The longer the dirigible flew, the less lift it had because the engine was using the gas from the balloon.

Question 21

Early dirigibles were nonrigid, which means:

Answer 21

only the pressure of the gas inside maintained the shape of the envelope.

Question 22

1900, ____________ built and flew the world’s first successful rigid dirigible, the LZ-1.

Answer 22

Ferdinand von Zeppelin

Question 23

rigid airships AKA

Answer 23

Zeppelins

Question 24

the Deutschland (LZ-7) became the world’s first________________

Answer 24

commercial airship