BASIC SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH Flashcards
Torricelli (italian), Von Guericke (German), and Pascal (French) performed scientific studies of the atmosphere. They invented
the barometer
In 1670, ____________ wrote about an “aerial ship.” Proposed that the spheres be made out of very thin copper
Francesco de Lana
Developments that ___________________________ made distributing material easier, allowed scientists to compare notes
reduced the cost of printing
Laurenco de Gusmao invented the
hot-air balloon
In 1766, Henry Cavendish discovered
“flammable air’’ AKA hydrogen
Montgolfier Brothers demonstrated their balloon before King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette on September 19, 1783.
Attached a cage to their balloon and the first living passengers:
a sheep, a rooster and a duck
The first men to fly in a lighter-than-air craft rode a Montgolfier balloon into the air over Paris on November 21, 1783
Pilatre de Rozier and Marquis d’Arlandes
__________ developed small globe of rubberized silk to hold hydrogen
J.A.C. Charles
In 1797, Andre-Jacques Garnerin made the first parachute jump from a balloon flying at an altitude of
3,000 feet.
In 1785, Jean Pierre Blanchard and Dr. John Jeffries made the first balloon flight from____________.
one nation to another. They flew across the English Channel from England to France.
In 1798, Jeanne-Genevieve Garnerin became
one of the earliest women to fly in a balloon.
Jeanne-Genevieve Garnerin became first woman to
ascend solo and was the first woman to make a parachute descend
Madame Blanchard was also the first woman ____________________(1819, in Paris)
to be killed in a ballooning accident
The first balloon flight in the United States took place in ___________, on January 9, 1793.
Pennsylvania
Hydrogen also had a serious disadvantage—
it was highly flammable and many people were killed before a safer gas (helium) came into use
In 1785 Jean Baptiste Meusnier made several suggestions that eventually led to
successful dirigibles
Henri Giffard built a cigar-shaped dirigible, powered by a 3 hp steam engine which became _____________________
the first successful one in the world.
Dirigibles had limited range. Invention of the ____________________ made dirigibles a real success.
internal combustion engine
Paul Haenlein built the first dirigible powered by ________________ in 1872. used coal gas.
an internal combustion engine
The problem with the coal-gas dirigible:
The longer the dirigible flew, the less lift it had because the engine was using the gas from the balloon.
Early dirigibles were nonrigid, which means:
only the pressure of the gas inside maintained the shape of the envelope.
1900, ____________ built and flew the world’s first successful rigid dirigible, the LZ-1.
Ferdinand von Zeppelin
rigid airships AKA
Zeppelins
the Deutschland (LZ-7) became the world’s first________________
commercial airship
