Basic Science Flashcards
Which vein is shared by the pancreas and liver?
a. Superior vena cava
b. Subclavian
c. Portal
d. Renal
Portal
In addition to the zygoma, which other bone comprises the zygomatic arch?
a. Maxilla
b. Mandible
c. Temporal
d. Sphenoid
Temporal
Which structures are located in the anterior mediastinum?
a. upper trachea, esophagus
b. thymus, ascending aorta, lymph nodes
c. phrenic nerves, lower trachea and bifurcation
d. descending aorta, thoracic duct, vagus nerve, azygous vein
Thymus, ascending aorta and lymph nodes
The rectus sheaths that meet to form a tough fibrous white band that extends from the xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis is the:
a. Linea alba
b. Rectus abdominis
c. External oblique
d. Serratus anterior
Linea Alba
Which of the following ligaments encloses the round ligament and extends from the lateral surface of the uterus to the pelvic wall?
a. Suspensory
b. Ovarian
c. Infundibulopelvic
d. Broad
Broad
The tibial and common peroneal nerves are terminal branches of which of the following nerves?
a. Femoral
b. Peroneal
c. Sciatic
d. Splenic
Sciatic
The point of separation between the posterior rectus sheath superiorly and absence of the sheath inferiorly is called the:
a. Arcuate line
b. Linea Alba
c. Semilunaris
d. aspera
Arcuate line
The flexure between the transverse colon and the descending colon is called:
a. Hepatic
b. Splenic
c. Gastric
d. Colic
Splenic
The three structures that form the anatomical triangle of calot:
Cystic duct, right hepatic duct and the lower edge of the liver
The gelatinous substance within the intervertebral disc is called the:
a. Spinous Process
b. Nucleus Pulposus
c. Annulus fibrosus
d. Intervertebral foramen
Nucleus pulposus
At what point does the external iliac artery become the femoral artery?
a. within the inguinal canal
b. at the location of the inguinal ligament
c. at the location of the ilioinguinal nerve
d. within the triangle of doom
at the location of the inguinal ligament
which of the following arteries supply blood to the brain?
a. anterior and middle cerebral arteries
b. vertebral and internal carotids
c. external and internal carotids
d. occipital and thyrocervical
vertebral and internal carotids
Fissure of Sylvius separates the:
Frontal and temporal lobes
The terminal arterial branches of the aorta are the:
right and left common iliacs
What nerve innervates the diaphragm?
Phrenic
The avascular area located in the mesentery and to the left of the middle colic artery is:
the space of Riolan
The third ventricle of the brain empties into the fourth ventricle through the:
Aqueduct of Sylvius
Which is a principal muscle of the pelvic floor?
Levator ani
The three protective tissue layers called the meninges lie in the following order, starting with the most superficial:
Dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater
The ovarian artery is a branch of the:
Abdominal aorta
The lateral ventricles within the cerebral hemisphere communicate with the third ventricle through the opening called:
Foramen of Monro
The arterial supply to the bladder is derived mainly from the:
Internal Iliac
The small ducts that drain bile directly into the gallbladder are called:
hepatopancreatic
The thyroid gland consists of right and left lobes joined by the:
Isthmus
The white line of Hilton is situated:
between the external and internal anal sphincters
The inner lining of the mucosa of the GI tract is composed of:
Epithelium
An enzyme active in the digestion of starches is:
amylase
Deoxygenated blood is carried from the right ventricle to the lungs via which structure?
Pulmonary arteries
Which of the following lymph nodes is located between the pectoralis major and minor muscles?
Rotter
The uterine artery is a branch of the anterior trunk of the:
Internal iliac artery
Which of the following areas located in the frontal gyrus of the brain controls the function of speech?
Bronca’s
Which of the following arteries supplies the cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, and proximal portion of the transverse colon?
superior mesenteric artery
A prolongation of the breast tissue located in the upper, outer part of the breast that passes through an opening in the axillary fascia is called the:
Axillary tail of Spence
The head of the pancreas is surrounded by the:
Duodenum
Which cranial nerve innervates the inferior, medial, superior rectus, inferior oblique and elevator palpebra muscle of the eye?
Oculomotor (III)
The coronary arteries originates at the base of the ascending aorta, also known as the:
Aortic Sinus
The large artery that arises from the left side of the aortic arch and descends into the arm is the:
Subclavian
The arterial supply to the intestinal tract, with the exception of the stomach, duodenum, and distal rectum is derived from the:
superior and inferior mesenteric arteries
Where is Hartmann’s pouch located?
gallbladder infundibulum
which artery divides into the anterior and middle cerebral arteries?
Internal Carotid
Nerve that branches from the vagus and travels directly into the larynx?
nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve
Which cranial nerve emerges from the medulla, passes through the skull, and descends through the neck region into the thorax and abdominal region?
X- vagus
The celiac artery trifurcates into the:
left gastric, splenic and hepatic arteries
At the base of each internal carotid artery is an enlargement called the:
sinus
the inner lining of the mucosa with the GI tract is composed of:
simple columnar epithelium
The arterial blood supply to the nose is from the branches of the internal and external:
Maxillary
The carotid body and carotid sinus are two sensory structures; the carotid body is a:
Chemoreceptor
The structure that binds the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall is the:
Mesentery
The sphincter located at the distal end of the CBD that opens into the duodenum is called:
oddi
Which vein proximally travels across the neck of the abdominal aorta?
Renal
The junction of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins forms the:
portal vein
Which organ is completely retroperitoneal?
Kidney
The veins of sappy drain the:
diaphragm
Which of the following is the name for the small pancreatic duct?
Santorini
Which vein drains the intracranial venous sinuses to veins on the outside of the skull?
Emissary
The anastomosis of arcades between the superior and inferior mesenteric vessels is known as the long anastomosis of:
Riolan
Collagen is produced by which of the following connective tissue cells?
Fibroblasts
Body temperature is regulated by the:
Hypothalamus
The frontal lobe is bounded posteriorly by the central sulcus, also called the:
Fissure of Rolando
The thoracic duct begins in the:
Abdomen at the Cisterna Chyli
The node of Lund is located in the:
Triangle of Calot
The Normal pH of blood:
7.3-7.4
The valve that prevents the retrograde flow of blood into the atrium from the left ventricle is the:
Mitral
At which vertebral level is the odontoid process located?
C2
Where do the mental nerves and vessels exit from the mandible?
Foramen
A rounded protuberance found at a point of articulation with another bone is called a:
Condyle
Two-thirds of the breast tissue rests on the pectoralis major muscle and the other one-third rests on the:
Serratus anterior
The recurrent laryngeal nerve that supplies the vocal cords lies very close to the:
inferior thyroid artery
The anatomical division between the inguinal and femoral regions is the:
Poupart’s Ligament
Excessive secretion of growth hormones in adults causes:
Acromegaly
Which ligament connects the thyroid to the trachea?
Berry
Which two electrolytes are essential for normal cardiac contractions?
Potassium and calcium
which of the following is the loose areolar tissue that separates the breast from the pectoralis major muscle?
Retromammary space
Which rectus muscle moves the eyeball upward and medially?
Superior
The arterial blood supply to the breast is supplied from the branches of the:
Internal mammary, axillary and lateral thoracic
Which nerve innervates the latissimus doors muscle?
thoracodorsal
What is the nourishing coat of the eyeball that consists mainly of blood vessels?
Choroid
Adipose tissue lies in which skin layer?
Subcutaneous
What is the normal cardiac output for an adult?
4-8 L/minute
