Basic Principles Of Animal Breeding And Genetics

Question 1

Genetics

Answer 1

biology of heredity and variation, deals with the
way in which traits are passed on or transmitted to their offspring

Question 2

Genetics

Answer 2

Study of genes, genetic variation and heredity in living organisms

Question 3

Breeding

Answer 3

concerned with the proper selection and use of
traits of the parents to produce offspring with predictable and desirable traits for the improvement of animals.

Question 4

Genes

Answer 4

functional unit of inheritance consisting mostly of DNA.

Question 5

DNA

Answer 5

a complex molecule that forms the genetic code for all living things

Question 6

Chromosomes

Answer 6

long strands of DNA and associated proteins
present in the nucleus of every cell of an organism; comes in pairs, one from the dam, one from sire.

Question 7

Animal breeding

Answer 7

branch of animal science
that deals with the evaluation of the genetic
value of livestock.

Question 8

Line

Answer 8

a group of animals descended from or
related to a specific animal or source of
genetic stock.

Question 9

Strain

Answer 9

a group of animals within a breed
with traits that distinguish them from
others in the breed

Question 10

Alleles

Answer 10

different forms of a segment of DNA that can exist at a particular site of the chromosome.

Question 11

Locus

Answer 11

particular site of a gene in a chromosome

Question 12

Phenotype

Answer 12

appearance of an organism; visible or measurable
properties.

Question 13

Genotype

Answer 13

genetic factors responsible for creating the
phenotype, underlying genetic constitution of a phenotype; combination of genes at a single locus or at a number of loci.

Question 14

Homozygous genotype

Answer 14

is a one-locus genotype containing
functionally identical genes.

Question 15

Heterozygous genotype

Answer 15

is a one-locus genotype containing
functionally different genes

Question 16

Abortion

Answer 16

expulsion of dead fetus before the end of
gestation period

Question 17

Premature birth

Answer 17

expulsion of live fetus before the end of
gestation period

Question 18

Stillbirth

Answer 18

expulsion of dead fetus at the end of gestation
period

Question 19

Fertility

Answer 19

ability of the animal to produce viable offsprings

Question 20

Barrenness

Answer 20

reproductive failure in animal

Question 21

Prolificacy

Answer 21

ability of the animal to produce large number
of offsprings

Question 22

Fecundity

Answer 22

ability of the animal to produce large
number of sperm or ova

Question 23

Potency

Answer 23

ability of the male animal to perform
copulation

Question 24

Conception rate

Answer 24

the number of pregnant female to
the number of bred female in the herd

Question 25

Dystopia

Answer 25

Difficult parturition

Question 26

Age of puberty

Answer 26

Sexual maturity

Question 27

Heat or estrus period

Answer 27

desire of female animal to be mated.

Question 28

Heat or estrus cycle

Answer 28

Onset of first heat up to next heat period.

Question 29

Ovulation

Answer 29

shedding of ova from ovary.

Question 30

Copulation

Answer 30

Act of mating

Question 31

Fertilization

Answer 31

union of sperm and ova to form a zygote.

Question 32

Nidation

Answer 32

implantation of zygote in the horn of the uterus.

Question 33

Gestation

Answer 33

Act of pregnancy

Question 34

Parturition

Answer 34

Act of delivery

Question 35

Lactation

Answer 35

act of nursing the newborn animal

Question 36

Weaning

Answer 36

act of separating the young from the dam or mother

Question 37

Stallion

Answer 37

Nature male horse for breeding and for work

Question 38

Mare

Answer 38

Matured female horse

Question 39

Colt

Answer 39

Young male horse

Question 40

Filly

Answer 40

Young F horse

Question 41

Gelding

Answer 41

Castrated young male horse

Question 42

Riddling

Answer 42

a stallion with one or both testes can’t descend to scrotal sac

Question 43

Foal

Answer 43

Young horse of either sex

Question 44

Foaling

Answer 44

Parturition in horse

Question 45

Yeldmare

Answer 45

Dry mare

Question 46

Stag

Answer 46

Castrated matured M horse