Basic Pathophysiology

Question 1

Define: disease

Answer 1

Disease is a structural or functional change in the body that is harmful to the organism.

Disease occurs when the cells environment changes to such a degree that tissues are no longer able to perform the function optimally.

Question 2

Define: pathology

Answer 2

Pathology is the study of disease.

Pathology is also the name of one of the specialities of medicine, one that deals with analysis body fluids and tissues for diagnostic purposes and with teaching and research relating to fundamental aspects of disease.

Question 3

Define: pathophysiology

Answer 3

the disordered physiological processes associated with disease or injury.

Question 4

Describe the types of diseases: structural

Answer 4

Structural diseases, organic diseases, are characterised by structural changes within the body. Structural changes are called lesions.

There are three major categories of structural disease:

Genetic and developmental diseases.

Degenerative and inflammatory diseases and trauma.

Hyperplasias and neoplasms.

Question 5

Describe the types of diseases: functional

Answer 5

Disease with no visible lesions, At least at the onset of the disease.

The basic change is physiologic.

Question 6

Lesions

Answer 6

Structural changes within the body caused by disease

Question 7

Genetic diseases

Answer 7

Genetic diseases are caused by abnormalities in the genetic make up of the individual, either:

At the level of chromosomes, such as increased chromosome numbers or translocations.

At the genetic level, such as mutations.

Question 8

Developmental diseases

Answer 8

Developmental diseases are ones that originated during embryonic and fetal development