BASIC OF CEPHALOMETRIC Flashcards
Discovery of X-rays measurement of the head from
shadows of bony and soft tissue landmarks on the
roentgenographic image, known as the
Roentgenographic Cephalometry
Goals of cephalometric
-The cranium and the cranial base
-The skeletal maxilla
-The skeletal mandible
-The maxillary dentition and the alveolar process
-The mandibular dentition and the alveolar process
It is readily recognizable points on
a cephalometric radiograph or tracing, representing certain
hard or soft tissue anatomical structures
Cephalometric landmarks
These landmarks
represent actual anatomic structures of the skull.
Anatomical landmarks
These are the landmarks
that have been obtained secondarily from anatomic
structures in a cephalogram
Derived landmarks
Classification of landmarks (2)
Hard and Soft tissue landmarks
It is the cranial line between the centre of
the sella turcica (sella) and the anterior
point of the fronto- nasal suture (nasion).
—
It represents the anterior cranial base.
S.N. Plane
This plane connects the lowest point of the
orbit (orbitale) and the superior point of
the external auditory meatus.
Frankfort horizontal plane
It is a denture plane bisecting the posterior
occlusion of the permanent molars and
premolars (or deciduous molars in mixed
dentition) and extends anteriorly.
Occlusal plane
It is a line linking the anterior nasal spine
of the maxilla and the posterior nasal spine
of the palatine bone
Palatal plane
are used in
cephalometrics, based on the analysis
being done.
Mandibular plane
plane that most commonly used in mandibular plane
a.
Tangent to the lower border of
the mandible (Tweed).
b.
A line connecting gonion and
gnathion (Steiner).
c.
A line connecting gonion and
menton (Downs)
It is a line connecting the basion and
nasion.
—
It represents the cranial base
Basion nasal plane
This is a plane that connects the Bolton’s
point posterior to the occipital condyles
and nasion.
Bolton’s plane
It is a line from point A on the maxilla to
pogonion on the mandible.
Pog line
