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Anatomy Exam 1 > Basic Nervous System > Flashcards

Basic Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Nerve cells responsible for transferring and processing info (soma, axon, dendrites)

A

Neurons

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2
Q
  • Supporting cells in nervous tissue
  • protect neuron
  • communicate with neurons
A

Neuroglia

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3
Q

Functional unit of the nervous system

A

Neuron

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4
Q

Many processes but can’t differentiate b/t axons and dendrites

A

Anaxonic

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5
Q

Cell body b/t 2 axon-like processes. Limited to few special sense organs B

A

Bipolar

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6
Q

Cell body off to one side of axon. Peripheral somatic sensory neurons such as from skin, joints, muscle

A

Pseudounipolar

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7
Q

Has single axon and multiple dendrites

A

Multipolar

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8
Q
  • control chemical content of interstitial environment

- maintain blood-brain barrier, isolating neurons from general circulation

A

Astrocytes

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9
Q

Contain cytoplasmic extensions that contact neuronal somas or axons and tie together in Myelin sheath

A

Oligodenrocytes

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10
Q

Phagocytic cells of CNS that remove waste and debris

A

Microglia

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11
Q
  • line ventricles of brain
  • line central canal of spinal cord
  • monitor CSF composition (some secrete)
  • circulate CSF
A

Ependymal cells

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12
Q

Regulate exchange of material b/t cell body and environment

A

Satellite cells

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13
Q
  • “neurolemmocytes”

- form myelin sheath around axons in PNS

A

Schwann cells

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14
Q
  • runs in CNS
  • ascending or descending
  • bundles of axons of interneurons
A

Tracts

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15
Q
  • runs within PNS

- bundles of neuron axons

A

Nerves

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16
Q

Motor commands delivered by the

A

Somatic nervous system

17
Q

Directs activity of glands, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscle

A

Autonomic nervous system

18
Q

Outer layer- continuous with dura mater

A

Epineurium

19
Q

Surrounds fascicle- a bundle of axons

A

Perineurium

20
Q

Surrounds single axon (with or without myelin/schwann cell)

A

Endoneurium

21
Q

Which division of the nervous system carries motor commands to muscles and glands?

A

Efferent division of the PNS

22
Q

What structures provide pressure, pain, and temperature sensations?

A

Somatic sensory receptors

23
Q
  • Perform repairs in damaged neural tissue

- contribute to selective permeability of CNS vasculature

A

Astrocytes

24
Q

Provide conscious voluntary control over skeletal muscles

A

Corticospinal tracts

Anatomy Exam 1 (4 decks)

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