Basic needs, communication & social Flashcards
7 Basic needs
4 Fundamental needs & 3 other
Oxygen
Food (in adequate quantities)
Water
Shelter
Prey/kill (chase with manipulation)
Social needs
Pain (minimize pain and discomfort)
11 Sensing Systems of Dog
Smell Hearing Vision Taste Pressure Movement Temperature Pain Equilibrium Vibration Internal receptors
3 Factors affecting sensory input
- Age
- Disease
- External/environmental influences (noxious odours, distracting scents)
Communication (definition)
Occurrence of an animal producing a signal that, when responded to by another, confers advantage to the sender or group.
e.g. barking at stranger entering territory
It is in our interest to understand dog communication because…
- Allows us to recognise early signs of aggression- avoid attack
- Less likely to punish dogs for normal behaviour
2 Main Functions of Communication
- Spacing (bark when territory invaded)
2. Allowing closeness (signals indicate proximity permitted) e.g. dog rolling on its side
4 Main types of communication
Visual
Tactile
Olfactory
Auditory
2 types of submission
Passive - lowered head, licking, crouch/lie
Active- used to greet approaching animals when aggression not required. e.g. avert gaze, running up to greet, ears pulled back etc
Dominance position
T position
Dominant dog approach other dog’s shoulder, side-on
Submissive position
L position
Submissive dog approach dog and licks corner of mouth, seen during greeting and active submission
6 Sources of pheromones
Urine Vaginal secretions Faeces Saliva Anal sac secretions Sweat glands in feet
8 Types of Vocalisations
- Whine
- Growl
- Bark
- Howl
- Bay
- Yelp
- Grunt
- Scream
3 Causes of barking
Aggression
Attention seeking
Boredom
Aggression (definition)
Intention to inflict noxious stimulation or behave destructively. Dogs- usually escalating sequence of barking, growling and biting.
3 Purposes of Aggression (results)
- Winning of space
- Defense of young
- Access to resources such as food or mate
