Basic Learning Principles Flashcards
Principles
-stimulus to learn
-readiness to learn
-ability to learn
-learning environment
Stimulus to Learn: Motivation
The force
-acts on or within a person to cause the person to behave in a particular way
Person does not want to learn
-unlikely learning will occur
Stimulus to Learn: Theory
Use a theory
-matches a person’s learning needs and personal preferences
Enhances
-motivation
-learning
Social Learning Theory
Consider the characteristics of the learner:
-behavior patterns
-environment
Social Learning Theory Cont.
Self-efficacy is the major concept:
-person’s perceived ability to successfully perform a task
Social Learning Theory Cont.
Provides guidance to the educator to develop an effective teaching plan
Stimulus to Learn: Culture
Respect the pts identity and needs
-age
-religious practices
-social and / or socioeconomic status
-physical appearance
Stimulus to Learn: Active Participation
Implies an eagerness
-acquire knowledge or skill
Retain
-10% read
-90% speak and do
Readiness to Learn: Attentional Set
Mentally and Physically
-learner is prepared to learn
Readiness to Learn: Attentional Set cont.
Positive Factors
-comfortable environment
-presence of family may be useful
Readiness to Learn: Attentional Set
Obstacles
-physical
-anxiety - high
-environment distractions
-presence of family
Readiness to Learn: Psychosocial Adaptation
Process
Assists the pt after an incident
-illness
-injury
Psychosocial Adaptation
Grieving
Allows the the pt:
-accept the reality of their illness or injury
-adapt to the new normal
Psychosocial Adaptation cont.
Emotions:
-severe anxiety, stress, or emotional pain can interfere with learning
-a mild level of anxiety can enhance learning, provides motivation
Ability to Learn: Developmental Capability
-Cognitive development affects the person’s ability to learn
Ability to Learn: Developmental Capability cont.
Without proper physiological, motor, language, and social development
-many types of learning cannot take place
Ability to Learn: Children
The developmental stage of a child determines:
-capability to learn
-types of behaviors that children can learn
Ability to Learn: Children cont.
Infant:
-hold infant firmly while smiling and speaking softly to convey sense of trust
Ability to Learn: Children cont.
Toddler:
-use play to teach procedure or activity
(e.g. applying bandage to doll)
-utilize simple words
Ability to Learn: Children cont.
Preschooler:
-use simple explanations and demonstrations
Ability to Learn: Children cont.
School-Age:
-teach psychomotor skills needed to maintain health
-offer opportunities to discuss health problems and answer questions
Ability to Learn: Children cont.
Adolescent:
-use teaching as collaborative activity
-allow adolescents to make decisions about health and health promotions
Ability to Learn: Adults
Self-Directed:
-critically think
-direct their own learning
Ability to Learn: Adult cont.
Patient-Centered:
collaborate with adults
