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Greek History > Basic Informations > Flashcards

Basic Informations Flashcards

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1
Q

Abydos

A

City of the Hellespont, noted for Xerxes’ bridge

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2
Q

Amphipolis

A

Site of the Battle of Amphipolis where Cleon and Brasidas died in 422 BC

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3
Q

Athens

A

Principal city of Attica, birthplace of democracy, led Greece in Golden Age, founded by Cecrops in 1532 BC

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4
Q

Aulis

A

City in Greece where the Greek forces gathered and departed from for Troy

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5
Q

Corinth

A

Primary trade center on the Isthmus of Corinth

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6
Q

Crotona

A

Greek colony in southern Italy, commercial rival of Sybaris which was eventually destroyed by Crotona

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7
Q

Cumae (cyme)

A

First Greek colony of Italy, site of oracle of Cumaean Sibyl

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8
Q

Delphi

A

Site of Greece’s most famous oracle (Apollo’s)

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9
Q

Eleusis

A

The Seat of the Eleusian mysteries

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10
Q

Halicarnassus

A

Site of the “Mansoleum”

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11
Q

Ilium (Troy)

A

Principal city in Asia Minor during the Mycenaean Age, destroyed by Mycenaean Greeks in the Trojan War

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12
Q

Knossus

A

Main city on Crete during Minoan Age, contained the labyrinth which was designed by Daedalus

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13
Q

Lacedaemon (Sparta)

A

Characterized by harsh militarism, founded in 1490 BC, for 800 years it was without walls

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14
Q

Marathon

A

City of Attica, victory of Greeks over Persians 490 BC; huge burial mound of battle dead

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15
Q

Megara

A

Minor trade center of Isthmus of Corinth, victim of Pericles’ Meagan Decree in 432 BC

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16
Q

Mycenae

A

Primary city of Mycenaean Age, site of “Lion Gate,” Treasury of Atreus,” and Tholos Tomb, ruled at one time in Perseus

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17
Q

Naucratis

A

City located at the mouth of the Nile River

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18
Q

Olympia

A

Site of the ancient Olympic Games, site of Phidias workshop

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19
Q

Pella

A

Capital of Macedonia after Phillip moved from Aegea, birthplace of Alexander the Great

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20
Q

Phaleron

A

Port of Athens until 478 BC

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21
Q

Piraeus

A

Port of Athens after 478 BC, preplanned city by Hippodamus

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22
Q

Sybaris

A

Greek Colony in southern Italy, renouned for its luxury, destroyed by Crotona

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23
Q

Syracuse

A

Most important Greek colony on Sicily, rival of Himera, eventually dominant Sicily

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24
Q

Tegea

A

Site of a temple to Athena, which held the hide of the Caledonian Boar, the boar was killed by Atalanta and Meleager

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25
Q

Thebes

A

Main city of Boeotia, founded by Cadmus in 1313 BC, stigmatized for insolence

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26
Q

Troezen

A

City in Argolis, birthplace of Theseus (slew the minotaur)

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27
Q

Aegina

A

Pericles called it the “eyesore of Piraeus,” home of Achilles, site of the first Greek mint

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28
Q

Chios

A

Birthplace of Homer

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29
Q

Corcyra

A

In 435 BC, Corcyra and Corinth both claim to be mother colony of Epidamqnus which leads to war between them; this incident was one of the factors that led to the Peloponnesian War

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30
Q

Crete

A

Center of Minoan Civilization, large island south of the Aegean Sea

31
Q

Delos

A

An island of the Cyclades, held treasury of the Delian League (Athenian Empire)

32
Q

Melos

A

“Venus de Milo” was built here by an unknown artist

33
Q

Ithaca

A

Home of Odysseus

34
Q

Lemnos

A

Mythological site of Hephaestus’ forge

35
Q

Lesbos

A

Origin of many famous poets including Erinna, Sappho, Alcman, Alcaeus

36
Q

Salamis

A

Site of Battle of Salamis in 480 BC

37
Q

Rhodes

A

Site of construction of “Colossus of Rhodes”

38
Q

Arcadia

A

Rustic area in the center of Peloponnese, only area not conquered by the Dorians

39
Q

Attica

A

Area surrounding the city of Athens

40
Q

Boeotia

A

Area around the city of Thebes

41
Q

Caria

A

Area in southern Asia Minor, site of the “Mansoleum”

42
Q

Dardania (Troad)

A

Area around the city of Troy

43
Q

Epirus

A

Area containing Dodona (“Land of the Whispering Oaks,” Zeus’s oracle

44
Q

Ionia

A

Area of Greek colonization on west coast of Asia Minor

45
Q

Laconia

A

Area around the city of Sparta

46
Q

Lydia

A

Gyges was from here, he was the first to use coinage

47
Q

Macedonia

A

Kingdom in northeastern Greece, birthplace of Philip and Alexander

48
Q

Messenia

A

Conquered by Sparta, citizens forced into slavery and were called Helots

49
Q

Phocis

A

Area around the city of Delphi

50
Q

Thessaly

A

Large area south of Macedonia, birthplace of Jason

51
Q

Thrace

A

Vast area of land on shores of the Aegean and Black Seas, famous gold mines

52
Q

Bosporus

A

Strait that leads from the Propontus to the Black Sea

53
Q

Hellespont

A

Strait that leads from the Aegean Sea to the Propontus, modern dat Dardanelles

54
Q

Propontus

A

Small sea between the Bosporus and the Hellespont, modern day Sea of Marmara

55
Q

Saronic Guld

A

Gulf near Attica, contained the island of Salamis and Aegina

56
Q

Achelous

A

“King of Rivers,” ‘largest river in Greece

57
Q

Alpheus

A

Sacred river in Elis running through Arcadia, waters considered good for leprosy

58
Q

Mt. Ida

A

A mountain on Crete, birthplace of Zeus

59
Q

Mt. Laurium

A

Mountain in Attica, location of infamous silver mines

60
Q

Mt. Olympus

A

Mountain in Thessaly, mythological home of the gods

61
Q

Mt. Parnassus

A

Mountain near Delphi, sacred to Apollo

62
Q

Mt. Athos

A

Mountain in Chalcidice, named after the giant Athos, Persians cut a canal through it

63
Q

Chalcidice

A

Three fingers peninsula that projects into the Thracian Sea

64
Q

Isthmus Corinth

A

Strip of land that connects mainland Greece to the Peloponnese

65
Q

Peloponnese Peninsula

A

Large peninsula that is connected to southern mainland Greece by the Isthmus of Corinth

66
Q

The Greek’s mainland

A

About 300 miles long

67
Q

Hellas

A

The Greeks’ name for the Greece

68
Q

Hellenes

A

The Greeks’ term for themselves

69
Q

Helladic

A

The term that describes Greece before the Dorian Invasion (1100 BC)

70
Q

Hellenic

A

The term that describes Greece after the Dorian Invasion until the death of Alexander the Great

71
Q

The Diocles

A

A wooden tramway along which ships were drawn to on rollers over the two miles across the Isthmus of Corinth

72
Q

The Isthmus Wall

A

Built by Mycenaeans in the 12th Century BC

73
Q

Acropolis

A

The term that means fortress or fortified place (stronghold)

Greek History (1 decks)

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