Basic Info

Question 1

describe the location of the adrenal glands

Answer 1

sit adjacent to the kidney

Question 2

adrenal medulla

Answer 2

• less problems

- secretes E and NE which target most cells and activate the SD of the ANS

Question 3

adrenal cortex

Answer 3

• most endocrine problems

- secrete 3 groups of hormones

Question 4

what 3 groups of hormones does the adrenal cortex secrete?

Answer 4

1) Glucocorticoids (cortisol)
2) Mineralcorticoids (prednisone, cortisone)
3) Gonadocorticoids (androgens)

Question 5

Glucorticoids

Answer 5

• secreted in response to stress
• target most cells to decrease inflmtn
• alters metabolism of proteins and fats
• suppresses immune response

Question 6

Mineralcorticoids

Answer 6

-targets kidneys to increase Na+ reabsorption, which increases fluid retention and increases blood volume and pressure

Question 7

Gonadocorticoids

Answer 7

• androgens are male sex hormones (testosterone)
• very small amount released from adrenal glands (in men and women), but most is prod in testes
• excess of andorgens prod by male may not be affected, while female will develop secondary male sex characteristics

Question 8

ACTH

• produced?
• released?
• function?

Answer 8

• prod and released by ant pit

- stimulates cortex to release cortisol

Question 9

cortical tumor or hyperplasia

Answer 9

excessive cortisol prod, and decreased ACTH (in a - feedback loop)

Question 10

when would hypersecretion occur?

Answer 10

if there are more cells to secrete these hormones

Question 11

pituitary tumor or hyperplasia

Answer 11

excessive ACTH prod resulting in excessive cortisol prod

Question 12

ectopic tumors

Answer 12

in a location in the body that isn’t a gland, but does the same fx as that gland

Question 13

example of ectopic tumor

Answer 13

• malignancy in lung produces ACTH-like substance which stimulates cortisol prod.
• when negative feedback loop suppresses ACTH d/t high amount of cortisol, the substance isn’t affected = cortisol keeps rising