Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Basic Genetics Study Guide > Basic Genetics Study Guide > Flashcards

Basic Genetics Study Guide Flashcards

Biology

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Chromosomes

A
  • Condense chromatin to form structures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Genes

A
  • Sections of DNA within a chromosome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Chromatid

A
  • Each half of the chromosome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Centromere

A
  • Where the 2 halves of a chromosomes are joined
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sex Chromosomes

A
  • Determine whether an organism will be male or female
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Autosomes

A
  • Chromosomes that don’t determine an organism’s sex
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Karyotype

A
  • A picture of the ordered chromosomes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Homologus

A
  • Pairs of chromosomes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Diploid

A
  • Having 2 homologus pairs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Haploid

A
  • One set of chromosomes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cell Cycle

A
  • The process of cell growth that leads to cell division for many cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

3 Stages of the Cell Cycle

A
  • Interphase
  • Mitosis/Meiosis
  • Cytokinesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Interphase

A
  • The beginning of the Cell Cycle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Mitosis/Meiosis

A
  • 2 daughter cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cytokinesis

A
  • Cell splits into 2
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Mitosis

A

P- prophase
M- metaphase
A- anaphase
T- telophase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Prophase

A
  • Miotic spindle; chromosomes visible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Metaphase

A
  • Lines up in the “middle” of cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Anaphase

A
  • Pulls chromosomes “away”
20
Q

Telophase

A
  • Two separate nuclei form

hasn’t split officially yet

21
Q

Meiosis

A
  • Forms tetrads

crossing over

22
Q

Tetrads

A
  • 2 groups of chromosomes
23
Q

Prophase II

A
  • Chromosomes DO NOT duplicate
24
Q

Metaphase II

A
  • Chromosomes line up in the “middle”
25
Q

Anaphase II

A
  • Pulled “away”
26
Q

Telophase II

A
  • Creates 4 cells
27
Q

Cytokinesis

A
  • Cell splits
28
Q

Heredity

A
  • The passing of traits from one generation to another
29
Q

Gregor Mendell

A
  • Father of modern genetics
30
Q

Dominant Trait

A
  • The gene will show
31
Q

Recessive Trait

A
  • The gene won’t show
32
Q

Homozygous

A
  • Purebred
33
Q

Heterozygous

A
  • Hybrid
34
Q

Alleles

A
  • Different forms a gene can have
35
Q

Genotype

A
  • Genetic makeup
36
Q

Phenotype

A
  • Physical expression of a trait
37
Q

Monohybrid Cross

A
  • Tests only one set of alleles
38
Q

Dihybrid Cross

A
  • Two sets of alleles
39
Q

Pedigree

A
  • A family history that charts a hereditary trait through past generations
40
Q

Incomplete Dominance

A
  • Blending of alleles
41
Q

Codominance

A
  • Both alleles that are inherited are expressed
42
Q

Multiple Alleles

A
  • Human blood types
43
Q

Polygenic Inheritance

A
  • Two or more genes working together to express a trait
44
Q

Sex-linked Traits

A
  • Controlled by the sex chromosome
45
Q

Carrier

A
  • An individual who carries an allele but does not express it

Basic Genetics Study Guide (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions