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Aquatic Resources and Ecology > Basic Finfish Features > Flashcards

Basic Finfish Features Flashcards

1
Q

the practice of identifying different organisms, classifying them into categories and naming them

A

Taxonomy

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2
Q

The most common system of classification in use today

A

Five Kingdom Classification

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3
Q

who proposed five kingdom classification? when?

A

proposed by R.H Whittaker in 1969

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4
Q

Five kingdom classification of living organisms

A
  1. Kingdom: Monera
  2. Kingdom: Protista
  3. Kingdom: Fungi
  4. Kingdom Plantae
  5. Kingdom Animalia
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5
Q

It is single-celled eukaryotes and mainly belongs to aquatic.

A

Kingdom: Protista

It includes diatoms, euglena and protozoans like Amoeba, Paramecium, Plasmodium, etc.

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5
Q

It consists of primitive organisms. The organisms are very small and single celled.

A

Kingdom: Monera

It includes species like the Bacteria, Archae bacteria, Cyanobacteria and Mycoplasma.

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6
Q

The bodies consist of long, thread-like structures which is called hyphae. These organisms are mostly saprophytes or parasites and also symbionts.

  • also called Kingdom Mycota
  • consists of network of threadlike structures called as mycelium.
A

Kingdom: Fungi

This kingdom of fungi also includes Lichens, Mycorrhiza, etc. Example: Aspergillus.

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7
Q

It is eukaryotic, mutlicellular plants.

also known as Kingdom Metaphyta

A

Kingdom Plantae

This kingdom includes all types of plants like herbs, shrubs, trees, flowering and non-flowering plants. Example: Rose plant, Mango tree, etc.

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8
Q

It is heterotrophic, eukaryotic, multicellular organisms. They lack cell wall.

also called Kingdom Metazoa

A

This kingdom includes all types of animals. Example: Fish, Shrimp, Crab, Lobster, Chank, etc.

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9
Q

the arrangement of various categories in successive levels of the biological classification

A

Taxonomic hierarchy

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10
Q

Each of this level or hierarchy is called

A

the taxonomic category or rank

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11
Q

Every
organism can be classified at 7 different levels -

A
  1. kingdom,
  2. phylum,
  3. class,
  4. order,
  5. family,
  6. genus and
  7. species
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12
Q
  1. the largest group and very broad
  2. the smallest group and is very narrow
A
  1. The kingdom
  2. The species
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13
Q

An individual belonging to a group of organisms that are very similar to each other and are having common characteristics and are capable of mating with one another to produce fertile offspring.

A

Species

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14
Q

the fundamental category of taxonomic classification, ranking below a genus or subgenus.

A

The species

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15
Q

a language that we use to communicate ideas and information about the diversity of life.

A

Biological Nomenclature

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16
Q

It is an information retrieval system conveying information about diversity and relationships. It

A

Biological Nomenclature

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17
Q

B* N* was introduced by

A

Carl Linnaeus.

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18
Q

names/words in the language of the layperson. These names can often be misleading.

A

Common names for species

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19
Q

Disadvantages of Common names for species

A
  1. They are not useful to people with a different language or dialect
  2. Some species have several common names
  3. Some species share the same common name
  4. Some species may not have a common name
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20
Q

The scientific name of each species is formed by the combination of two words

A

Consists of a genus and species name

21
Q

Generic names always begin with

A

capital letter

22
Q

Species names always begin with

A

lower-case letter

23
Q

cold-blooded aquatic craniate vertebrate with fins for locomotion and gill for respiration

A

Finfish

24
Q

About _____ species of finfish has been identified in the world at present time

A

33,218 species

25
Q

It may live in ___, ___, and ___.

A

freshwater, brackish water and marine water

26
Q

used for identification of species

A

external morphological characters of finfish

27
Q

There are two main features in identifying species

A

morphometric characters and meristic characters

28
Q
A
29
Q

include body shape/parts, mouth location and size, tail shape and colour

A

Morphometric characters

30
Q

the counting of spine, ray, etc in fin or other part of body

A

Meristic characters

31
Q

External part of finfish is commonly divided in two parts

A

1) Head consist of Snout, Lips, Mouth, Jaws, Teeth, Barbels, Nostril, Eyes, Operculum and Gills;
2) Body incudes Fins, Lateral Line, Skin and Scales.

32
Q

the anterior most part of the fish (forward end of head). It is rounded or obtuse in most cases. There can be many variations to the shape of it.

A

Snout

33
Q

There can be many variations to the shape of snout.

A
  1. Pointed and sharp (Eels)
  2. Tubular with jaws at tip
  3. Smooth in most cases
34
Q

the main organ which fish use while feeding

A

Mouth

35
Q

The position and shape of the mouth depends on

A
  1. the type of food a fish eats
  2. the level at which it swims
36
Q

The mouth shapes can be

A
  1. Terminal Mouth
  2. Superior Mouth
  3. Sub-terminal Mouth
  4. Protrusible Mouth
37
Q
  • found in those fish, which feed from water column on other fish or zooplankton
  • located in the middle of the head and point straight forward; both jaws are of the same length
A

Terminal mouth

Example Danios, Rasbora, Putnius, etc.

38
Q

oriented upwards and the lower jaw is longer than the upper jaw. Usually, fish with this type of mouth feed at the surface. They lay in wait for prey to appear above them, then strike suddenly from below.

A

Superior Mouth

Many species of fish with a superior mouth feed largely on insects, however, some may feed on other fish that swim near the surface.

39
Q
  • It is also called an inferior or ventral mouth
  • turned downward
  • he lower jaw is shorter than the upper jaw.
A

Sub-terminal Mouth

Fish with inferior mouths are bottom feeders and often possess barbels that assist in locating food particles.

40
Q

allows them to extend their reach when attempting to snatch prey or food particles.

A

Protrusible Mouth

41
Q

The jaw consists of

A

the upper jaw and lower jaw

42
Q

The upper jaw consists of bones

A

pre-maxillaries and maxillaries

43
Q

the lower jaw consists of

A

mandible bones

44
Q

There are many types of teeth :-

A
  1. Canine:
  2. Viliform
  3. Molar form
  4. Cardiform
  5. Incisor
45
Q

It is large conical teeth frequently located at the corners of the mouth, for example, snappers.

A

Canine

46
Q

small and fine teeth.

A

Viliform

47
Q

olar like broad and rounded. It is used for crushing molluscs and crustaceans.

A

Molar form/Molariform teeth

48
Q

It is fine, pointed teeth arranged as in a wool card; for example, the pharyngeal teeth in pickerels (Esox).

A

Cardiform

49
Q

Large teeth with flattened cutting surfaces adapted for feeding on molluscs and crustaceans; for example, chimaeras (Holocephali).

A

Incisor

50
Q

slender, whisker like tactile organs near the mouth. They are found in fish like catfish, carps etc, they house the taste buds used by fish to find food.

A

Barbels

51
Q

pair of apertures or slits on the snout of the fish. They are openings for the smell organs leading to the nasal canal on the skull. They are small to medium and are sunk in snout, in some fish like catfish they are covered with mucus. Position and type of it is often used for identifying a fish.

A

Nostrils

Aquatic Resources and Ecology (2 decks)

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