Basic Eye Parts Flashcards
Cornea
The transparent part of the outer, protective layer of the eye. It’s bulging curvature provides the major refractive power( bending of light) of the eye.
Conjunctiva
Mucous membrane that covers the front of the eyeball and the inner surface of the eyelids
Aqueous Humor
The watery fluid that fills the anterior of front chamber of the eye and provides some of the nutrition for the surrounding parts. One of the four refractive parts of the eye(bends light)
Canal of Schlemm
Microscopic conduits which serve to keep the fluid pressure of the space filled by the aqueous humor within normal limits.
Iris
The colored portion of the eye which surrounds the pupil. It’s expansion or contraction increases or reduces the amount of light entering the eye through the pupil.
Pupil
The round hole in the center of the iris, through which light passes. The pupil ordinarily appears black, because there is very little light coming from the dark chamber behind it
Crystalline lens
The resilient, transparent structure in the eye that focus light by changes of curvature of its front surface. It is located near the front of the eye, directly behind the pupil. The lens has the second most refractive power of the eye.
Ciliary muscles
The muscles that control the focusing(accommodation) of the eye by causing the lens to change shape
Suspensory ligaments
Long, thin fibers which connect the crystalline lens to the ring of ciliary muscles
Vitreous Humor
A clear, jelly-like substance that fills the rear chamber of the eye. The eye only has one supply of vitreous humor in its lifetime. The vitreous humor is one of the four parts of the eye with refractive power.
Retina
The inner lining of most of the back chamber of the eye which contain the layers of nerve cells giving the it’s sensitivity to light
Macula
A yellowish spot surrounding the fovea centralis. An area of especially keen vision on the retina
Fovea centralis
A small thinned out area of the retina consisting almost exclusively of receptor cells, which provides high visual acuity
Rods
Receptor cells found in the retina. Night Vision, peripheral vision, and seeing black and white depend upon the rods.
Cones
Receptor cells found in the retina . Daytime vision, central vision, and seeing color depend upon the cones. The fovea centralis is comprised almost entirely of cones
