Basic Eye Anatomy

Question 1

Globe

Answer 1

The eyeball itself including everything it contains

Question 2

Eyelids

Answer 2

upper or lower folds of skin that can cover the eyeball and serve to protect, lubricate, and keep excessive light from entering the eye.,

Question 3

Eyelashes

Answer 3

row of cilia that line the eyelids, helps protect the eye by keeping debris out

Question 4

Meibomian Glands

Answer 4

sebaceous glands that line eyelids and produce part of tear film

Question 5

Conjunctiva

Answer 5

Mucous Membrane lining inside of eyelids and on anterior sclera

Question 6

Third Eyelid

Answer 6

AKA nicitating membrane, a specialized conjunctival structure that protects the cornea, secretes part of the tear film, and fights infection via lymph follicles.

Question 7

Punctum (pl. Puncta)

Answer 7

Tiny opening on both the upper and lower eyelids at the medial canthus that allow tears to flow into the nasolacrimal drainage ducts

Question 8

Sclera

Answer 8

Opaque, white covering of the posterior (further back) 5/6th of the globe.

Question 9

Cornea

Answer 9

Clear, transparent covering of the anterior (nearer the front) 1/6th of the globe, consisting of four layers in dogs and cats that is responsible for the majority of the focusing power

Question 10

Aqueous humor

Answer 10

Fluid that fills the anterior (nearer the front) chamber

Question 11

Iris

Answer 11

Colored part of the eye that dilates and constricts changing the amount of light that can enter through the pupil

Question 12

Pupil

Answer 12

Opening in the center of the eye that allows light inside the eye

Question 13

Lens

Answer 13

Crystalline, bi-convex (having an outline or surface curved like the exterior of a circle or sphere) structure located behind the iris and held in place by ligaments called zonules

Question 14

Virteous Humor

Answer 14

Clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina

Question 15

Choroid

Answer 15

Pigmented, vascular layer between the sclera and the retina that nourishes the retina

Question 16

Tapetum

Answer 16

Specialized layer of the choroid that results in a unique iridescent eye shine for some animals

Question 17

Retina

Answer 17

Innermost layer of the posterior part of the globe that contains photoreceptors (rods and cones) that are sensitive to light and nerves which transmit information through the optic nerve to the brain for interpretation