Basic Elec Flashcards
1
Q
____ is merely a special application of electricity wherein precise manipulation of electron is employed
A
Electronics
2
Q
the ____ describes specifically the internal molecular forces of matter as they pertain to electrical power
A
Electron theory
3
Q
The smallest particle into which any compound can be divided and still retain its identity is called a ____________________.
A
molecule
4
Q
An ____________________ is the smallest possible particle of an element.
A
atom
5
Q
An ____________________ is a single substance that cannot be separated into different substances except by nuclear disintegration.
A
element
6
Q
A ____________________ is a chemical combination of two or more different elements.
A
compound
7
Q
the nucleus is formed by _____ and _____
A
Protons and neutrons
8
Q
the atom consists of _____, _____, and _____
A
neutron, protons and electrons
9
Q
A ____________________ charge is carried by each electron.
A
negative charge
10
Q
When the charge of the nucleus is equal to the combined charges of the electrons, the atom is ____________________;
A
neutral
11
Q
if the atom has a shortage of electrons, it will be ____________________
A
positively charged
12
Q
If an atom has an excess of electrons, it will be ____________________ .
A
negatively charged
13
Q
what do you call a charged atom?
A
ion
14
Q
A positively charged atom is called a ____________________
A
positive ion / cation
15
Q
a negatively charged atom is called a ____________________.
A
negative ion / anion
16
Q
Certain elements, chiefly metals, are known as ____________________ because an electric current will flow through them easily.
A
conductors
17
Q
The electrons that move from one atom to another are called ____________________.
A
free electrons
18
Q
The ____________________ of any atom is the outermost orbit (shell) of that atom.
A
valence orbit
19
Q
The electrons in the valence orbit are known as ____________________.
A
valence electron
20
Q
Materials that have more than half of their valence electrons are called ____________________.
A
insulator
21
Q
Materials with exactly half of their valence electrons are ____________________.
A
semiconductor
22
Q
materials that have less than half of their valence electrons are ___________
A
conductor
23
Q
A ____________________ is the space created by the absence of an electron.
A
hole
24
Q
The study of the behavior of static electricity is called ____________________.
A
electrostatics
25
The word ____________________ means stationary, or at rest
static
26
electric charges that are at rest are called ____________________
static electricity
27
The **force** that is created *between* **two charged bodies** is called the ____________________
electrostatic force
28
An electric ____________________ is defined as a **flow** of **electrons** *through* a **conductor**.
current
29
One ____________________ is the **rate of flow** of *one coulomb per second.*
ampere
30
**Electricity** that is in **motion**.
dynamic electricity
31
The term **current** is *symbolized* by the letter ____________________.
I
32
**Current** is *measured* in **amperes**, which is often abbreviated ____________________
amps
33
The **force** that *causes* **electrons** to **flow through a conductor** is called ____________________
electromotive force
34
The *practical unit* for **measurement** of *emf*, or *potential difference*, is the ____________________
volt
35
One ____________________ is the **emf required** to *cause* **current to flow** at the rate of one ampere through a resistance of one ohm.
1 volt
36
The term ____________________, which is measured in volts, is typically substituted for emf.
is the **electrical pressure** (Electro Motive Force) that **pushes electrons**.
voltage
37
Voltage is symbolized by the letter ____________________
E
38
volts is symbolized by the letter ____________________
V
39
____________________ is that **property of a conductor** which tends to hold, or **restrict**, the **flow of an electric current**; it is encountered in every circuit.
resistance
40
Resistance is opposition to current flow and is symbolized by the letter ____________________
Ω (ohm) Greek letter
41
____________________ are materials that have **more than four valence electrons**
insulator
42
A ____________________ may be defined as an object that **attracts such magnetic substances** as iron or steel.
magnet
43
A magnetic field is assumed to consist of invisible lines of force that leave the ____________________ pole of a magnet and enter the ____________________ pole.
north to south
44
A ____________________ is one that maintains an **almost constant magnetic** field **without** the **application** of any **magnetizing force.**
permanent magnet
45
A ____________________ is one found in **nature**; it is called a ____________________; or leading stone.
natural magnet / lodge stone
46
the **difference** between the **geographic and magnetic poles** is called ____________________
magnetic variation
47
____________________ is the **magnetism maintained** by a body **after** it has been **magnetized**.
Residual magnetism
48
When the **substance** is** removed from a magnetic field**, it will **retain its magnetism**; hence, it is called a ____________________
permanent magnet
49
The **ability** of a material to **become magnetized** is called ____________________
permeability
50
A material with ____________________ permeability is **easy to magnetize** or demagnetize
high permeability
51
A material with ____________________ permeability is **hard to magnetize** or demagnetize
low permeability
52
Materials with high permeability, such as soft iron, are most useful as ____________________ magnets.
temporary magnets
53
Materials with low permeability, such as alnico, are best suited for ____________________ magnets.
permanent magnet
54
The **field of force** existing **between the poles** of a magnet is called a ____________________
magnetic field
55
**Magnetic force,** which is also called ____________________, is said to **travel** from **north to south** in **invisible lines**.
magnetic flux
56
The **space** or **substance** *traversed* by **magnetic lines** of force is called the ____________________
magnetic circuit
57
The **opposition of a material to magnetic flux** is called ____________________ and compares to resistance in an electric circuit.
reluctance
58
The symbol for reluctance is , ________ and the unit is the _______
R / rel
59
____________________, as the name implies, are **produced** by **using an electric current** to *create* a **magnetic field**
electromagnets
60
An electromagnet with a **movable core** is called a ____________________.
solenoid
61
Electromagnets that contain a **fixed core** and a **pivoting mechanical linkage** are called ____________________.
relay
62
Relays are usually used for ____________________ switching applications.
low-current
63
The *part of a relay* **attracted** *by the* **electromagnet** to close the contact points is called the ____________________
armature
64
Friction is a method of producing voltage by **simply rubbing two dissimilar materials together**. This usually produces ____________________, which is not typically a useful form of power.
static electricity
65
____________________ means electricity created by **applying pressure** to certain types of **crystals**.
piezoelectricity
66
The ____________________ **produces** a **voltage** when the **light is emitted** onto certain substances.
photoelectric effect
67
**Electricity produced** by subjecting two dissimilar metals to **above normal temperatures** is called the ____________________
thermoelectric effect
68
This **combination** of **two** *dissimilar metals* is called a ____________________.
thermocouple
69
____________________ is often used to produce electricity for aircraft systems.
chemical action
70
____________________ is the process where the voltage is produced by **moving a conductor through a magnetic field.**
electromagnetic induction
71
The transfer of electric energy from one circuit to another **without the aid of electric connections** is called ____________________.
induction
72
When electric **energy is transferred** by means of a **magnetic field**, it is called ____________________.
electromagnetic induction
73
The two **general classifications** of** electromagnetic induction** are ____________________ and ____________________
general action / transformer action
74
A ____________________________ can be defined as a **device** for **closing or opening** an electric **circuit**
switch
75
**Electrically operated switches** are generally called relays or _______________________.
solenoids
76
The ____________________________ is a multiplier that is used to **establish the capacity** a **switch should have** in order to **control** a particular type of **circuit without damage**.
derating factor
77
**Spring-loaded** *switches* can be either normally ____________________________ or normally ____________________________.
normally open or normally close
78
The contact points of a ____________________________ switch are **disconnected** (open) **until pressure** is applied to the switch-actuating mechanism.
normally open
79
If pressure is applied to a normally open switch’s actuator, the contact points _______________
connect
80
A ____________________________switch **contains closed contact points** when there is **no force applied** to the switch actuator, and open points when a force is applied.
normally closed
81
A **solenoid** designed to **operate for 2 min or less **is considered _________________-duty.
intermittent duty
82
A solenoid that is designed to be left in the **activated** position for **longer than 2 min** is a ____________________________ - duty solenoid
continuous duty
83
____________________________ are a type of electronic **switch with no moving contact points** and are used in conjunction with electronic circuitry to detect the position of various moving components on an aircraft, such as flaps and landing gear.
proximity sensor
84
A ____________________________ exists when an **accidental contact between conductors** allows the current to return to the battery through a short, low-resistance path.
short circuit
85
When the **current flowing** through a ____________________________ **exceeds the rated capacity**, the metal strip inside melts and breaks the circuit.
fuse
86
A ____________________________ serves a purpose similar to that of a fuse; however, it **can usually be reset** after a circuit **fault is removed**.
circuit breaker
87
____________________________ circuit breakers **cannot be reset until the temperature has returned** to normal.
trip-free
88
A potentiometer normally is connected with ________________________ terminals.
3 terminals
89
The most common types of electric measuring instruments employ a **moving coil and a permanent magnet **known as the ________________ or Weston movement.
D'arsonval
90
The common **electric measuring instruments** are the _____, _____, _____, and _____.
(a vow)
ammeter
voltmeter
ohmmeter
wattmeter
91
A movement **similar to the d’Arsonval** movement, **but suitable for ac measurements**, employs an electromagnet in place of the permanent magnet and is called a ________________ movement.
weston
92
________________ is determined by the **amount of current required** to produce a **full-scale deflection** of the indicating needle.
sensitivity
93
When a **resistor** is connected in **parallel** with the **terminals of a meter**, it is called a ___________________.
shunt resistance
94
A shunt resistor, also called an ________________, can be defined as a particular type of resistor designed to be **connected in parallel** with a meter to **extend the current range** beyond some particular value for which the instrument is already competent.
instrument shunt
95
In general, the word ___________________ means connected in parallel
shunt
96
A ________________ of the moving-coil type actually **measures the current flow through the instrument**; but since the current flow is proportional to the voltage, the instrument dial may be **marked in volts**.
voltmeter
97
The **range** of a **voltmeter** can be **increased** by the **use of** additional **series resistors** called ___________________.
multipliers
98
The ________________ is an instrument for **measuring resistance**.
ohmmeter
99
Testing ________________ is the process whereby the meter is used to **determine** if the **circuit** **has** a **complete** (continuous) **current path**.
continuity
100
The **functions** of a **voltmeter, an ohmmeter, and an ammeter** (or milliammeter) are usually combined in an instrument called a ________________ or volt-ohm-milliammeter (VOM).
multimeter
101
A ________________ probe is a type of **inductive pickup** that can be used to **measure either ac or dc current (pulsating)**
frequency converter
102
The ________________ is a **sophisticated voltmeter** with a **two-dimensional graph** display that can be **used to measure the voltage** (amplitude) and **frequency** (time) of an electrical signal.
oscilloscope
103
2. A charged atom is known as an _____
ion
104
7. The **speed of electron** movement is considered to be ____ miles per second. This is the same as the speed of ___
186,000 miles per second
speed of light
105
8. When electrons flow in a conductor, they cause a ____ to surround the conductor.
magnetic feild
106
**electron flow** flows from from _____ to _______
negative to positive
107
**conventional flow** flows from _____ to _____
positive to negative
108
The ____ is the **basic unit** of **electrical quantity** and is equal to ________ electrons.
coulomb
6.82 billion billion electrons
109
When **one coulomb** of electrons flow past **a point in one second**, there is a current flow of one ______.
ampere
110
**electrical power** is expressed in _____
watts
111
23. **Flexible metal braids** called ________ connect the control surfaces to the aircraft structure to **prevent** the buildup of **static charges**
static discharge straps or static wicks
112
Name five ways electrical energy may be generated.
chemical, heat, magnetism, light, pressure
(chmlp)
113
Device used to **measure** electric power
wattmeter
114
used to **measure very high resistance** values
megger
115
When using a multimeter, always disconnect the ____ test lead first
red
116
____ are **defined** by the the **number of circuits they control** and the number of **sets of poles** they have
toggle switches
or
rocker switches
117
________ **allow selection** of any of **several conditions** within a circuit
rotary switch
118
require only a **slight movement** of the **operating plunger** to cause the internal spring to snap the contacts open or closed.
micro switch
119
normally **contain a legend** describing its current function or state of operation
lighted push button switches
120
a type of electronic switch with **no moving contact points**. They are simply inductance coils that operate in conjunction with steel targets
Proximity Sensor
121
are often in the form of a **sealed glass tube** containing **electrodes**
mercury switch
122
**has a diaphragms** against which fluid or air push to actuate the switch. **Fluid or air pushes** the diaphragm to activate the switch
pressure operated switch
123
used to prevent **inadvertent operation**
switch guard
124
________ are **installed in aircraft** electrical systems primarily **to protect circuit wiring** and should be located as close to the source as possible
circuit breaker
125
________ fuses can momentarily **pass** a surge of **high current** **without blowing**.
slow blow fuse
126
essentially **a slow blow fuse** but for **heavy power circuits**
current limiter
127
3 types of circuit breakers
push to reset
push pull
toggle
128
when a circuit breaker is **triggered by heat**
thermally actuated
129
when a circuit breaker is **triggered by magnets**
magnetic
130
when a circuit breaker is **triggered by magnets and heat**
thermomagnetic
131
2 types of resistors
rheostat and potentiometer
132
**Any device that consumes electricity** is called a ________, is also regarded as resistance
load
133
what's the purpose of conductors?
provide path for electrons to flow
134
two types of variable resistors are _____ and _____
rheostat and potentiometer
135
its main **purpose** is to **vary resistance** and **current flow**
rheostat
136
its main **purpose** is to **vary the voltage** in a circuit
potentiometer
137
____ are resistors that **change resistance** as the **temperature** changes
thermistors
138
____ are resistors that **change resistance** as the **light levels** changes
photoresistors
