Basic ecg

Question 1

List 4 causes of upright U waves

Answer 1

• Sinus Bradycardia
• Hypokalemia
• Class 1a antiarrythmics (Quinidine)
• LVH

Question 2

Causes of inverted U wave

Answer 2

These can be caused by ischaemic or non ischaemic processes
Ischaemic: IHD
Non ischaemic: LVH/RVH

Question 3

What are the cardinal signs of sinus rhythm

Answer 3

P wave followed by QRS Complex
60-100bpm
P wave upright in leads I & II

Question 4

What are the inferior leads

Answer 4

Leads II, III, aVF

Question 5

What are the lateral leads

Answer 5

Leads I, aVL, V5, V6

Question 6

What are the anterior leads

Answer 6

V3, V4

Question 7

What are the septal leads

Answer 7

V1, V2

Question 8

The normal axis of the heart lies

Answer 8

Between 90 and -30 degrees

Question 9

Left axis deviation lies between

Answer 9

-30 o and -90 o

Question 10

Right Axis deviation lies between

Answer 10

+90 o and +180o

Question 11

Extreme Right Axis Deviation lies between

Answer 11

+180o and -90o

Question 12

What is the name of the formula used to calculate corrected QT

Answer 12

Bazette’s

QT/ square root of RR

Question 13

What is RR and how is it measured

Answer 13

RR is the time interval between two Rwaves consecutive QRS complexes

It is the #of small boxes between two R peaks x 0.04s