BASIC DENTAL ANATOMY AND TERMINOLOGY Flashcards
What are accessory digestive organs, responsible for mastication, or the mechanical digestion in the mouth?
Teeth
What initiates the breakdown of starch?
Salivary amylase
What breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids?
Lingual lipase
________ form the lateral walls of the oral cavity. They are covered externally by skin and internally by a mucous membrane, which consists of non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.
Cheeks (buccal)
______ are fleshy folds surrounding the opening of the mouth.
-They contain the orbicularis oris muscle
-covered externally by skin and internally by a mucous membrane, which consists of non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Lips (labial / facial)
______ is an accessory digestive organ composed of skeletal muscle covered with mucous membrane.
Tongue (lingual)
The dorsal surface of the tongue contains the taste-buds and is covered with ________ stratified squamous epithelium
a. Keratinized
b. Non-keratinized
a. Keratinized
What are the midline folds of tissue that help anchor the tongue to the floor of the mouth and the lips to the gingiva
Frenulum
Gingiva, or gums, is a _______ epithelial tissue that covers the alveolar processes, and extend slightly into each socket.
a. Keratinized
b. Non-keratinized
a. Keratinized
The mucogingival junction / fold is the freely moveable _________ mucosa that connects the freely movable tissues of the cheeks and lips to the firm tissues of the gingiva.
a. Keratinized
b. Non-keratinized
b. Non-keratinized
What is the region of the tooth which encompasses the junction of the crown and root near the gum line.?
It contains the Cementumal Enamel Junction (CEJ) where the Enamel and Cementum meet.
Neck (cervical)
______ is the region of the tooth that is embedded in the socket. It can have one, two, three, or more roots and is termed single-rooted, bifurcated, trifurcated, and multi-rooted respectfully.
Root (radicular)
What is the tissue of the tooth that covers the crown, and consists primarily of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. It is harder than bone because of its even higher content of calcium salts (about 95% dry weight).
Enamel
What is the hardest substance in the body?
Enamel
What is the tissue that forms the majority of the tooth. It consists of a calcified connective tissue that gives the tooth its basic shape and rigidity.
Dentin
_______ is the visible region of the tooth above the level of the gums.
Crown (coronal)
_____ is the connective tissue of the tooth located within the pulp cavity containing blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels.
Pulp
______ is a tissue of the attachment apparatus which covers the dentin of the roots.
It is a bone-like substance, which attaches the root to the periodontal ligament.
Cementum
_________ are a tissue of the attachment apparatus which lines the tooth sockets and consists of dense fibrous connective tissue that anchors the teeth to the socket walls.
They are innervated and provide proprioception.
Periodontal ligaments
________ is a tissue of the attachment apparatus which is the thickened ridge of bone that contains the tooth sockets (alveoli) on bones that hold teeth in the maxilla and mandible.
Alveolar process
What are the three parts of the attachment apparatus
Cementum
Periodontal ligaments
Alveolar process
What are the four types of teeth?
Incisors
canines
premolars
Molars
Which teeth are closest to the midline, are chisel-shaped and adapted for cutting into food?
They are referred to as either central or lateral
Incisors
What type of teeth have a pointed surface called a cusp. They are used to tear and shred food? They have one root.
Canines (cuspids)
What type of teeth have two cusps and one to two roots, and are used for crushing and grinding.
Premolars (bicuspids)
_____ are the most posterior teeth, and have four to five cusps and two to three (or more) roots. They are used for crushing and grinding.
Molars
What is the only movable skull bone?
Mandible
What cranial nerve comprised the lingual nerve?
CN 5
What does Occlusal refer to?
biting surface of molars and premolars
What does incisal refer to?
biting surface of laterals and canines
What does mesial refer to?
towards midline
What a re the anesthetics used for dental anesthesia?
2% Lidocaine / Xylocaine
0.5% Bupivacaine / Marcaine
What dental anesthesia has a longer half life?
0.5% Bupivacaine / Marcaine
______ the deposition of local anesthetic near a major nerve trunk at a greater distance from the area of treatment, which provides wider areas of anesthesia
Regional block
________ is the deposition of local anesthetic directly at or near small terminal nerve endings in the immediate area of treatment.
Local infiltration
What anesthesia technique reduces the reliance on oral pain meds?
regional block
What is the target site for injection?
lingula
