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Basic Conducting > Basic Conducting > Flashcards

Basic Conducting Flashcards

1
Q

Pianissimo (pp)

A

Very soft

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2
Q

Piano (p)

A

Soft

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3
Q

Mezzo piano (mp)

A

Moderately soft

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4
Q

Mezzo forte (mf)

A

Moderately loud

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5
Q

Forte (f)

A

Loud

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6
Q

Fortissimo (ff)

A

Very loud

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7
Q

Forte-piano (fp)

A

Loudly-softly

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8
Q

Sforzando (sfz.)

A

Loudly accented

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9
Q

Crescendo (cresc.)

A

Becoming louder

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10
Q

Decrescendo (decresc.)

A

Becoming softer

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11
Q

Diminuendo (dim.)

A

Diminishing

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12
Q

Crescendo poco a poco

A

Louder little by little

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13
Q

Subito piano (sub. p)

A

Suddenly soft

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14
Q

Subito forte (sub. f)

A

Suddenly loud

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15
Q

Crescendo molto (cresc. molto)

A

Becoming much louder

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16
Q

crescendo e diminuendo (cresc. e dim.)

A

Gradually louder, then gradually softer

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17
Q

Prestissimo

A

As fast as possible

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18
Q

Presto

A

Very fast

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19
Q

Allegro

A

Fast, quickly

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20
Q

Allegretto

A

Moderately fast

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21
Q

Moderato

A

Moderately paced

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22
Q

Andantino

A

Moderately paced

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23
Q

Andantino

A

Moderately slow

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24
Q

Andante

A

Slow but moving

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25
Q

Adagio

A

Slow

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26
Q

Lento

A

Slow

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27
Q

Larghetto

A

Very slow but moving

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28
Q

Largo

A

Very slow and broad

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29
Q

Grave

A

Very slow and heavy

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30
Q

Ritardando

A

Gradually slower

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31
Q

Rallentando

A

Gradually slower and broader

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32
Q

Ritenudo

A

Sudenly slower

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33
Q

Allargando

A

Gradually slower and louder

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34
Q

Calando

A

Gradually slower and softer

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35
Q

Sostenuto

A

Sustaining

36
Q

Accelerando

A

Gradually faster

37
Q

Stringendo

A

Gradually faster and hastening

38
Q

Piu allegro

A

More lively

39
Q

Piu mosso

A

More motion

40
Q

Meno mosso

A

Less motion

41
Q

Morendo

A

Dying away

42
Q

Tempo rubato

A

Taken freely

43
Q

A piacere

A

At pleasure

44
Q

Tempo giusto

A

In exact tempo

45
Q

Alla misura

A

Strict tempo

46
Q

Senza misura

A

Freely

47
Q

A tempo

A

Previous tempo (used after one of the above variations)

48
Q

Tempo primo

A

First tempo

49
Q

L’istesso tempo

A

Same tempo (beat remains the same even though the meter changes)

50
Q

Dolce

A

Sweetly

51
Q

Sotto voce

A

Subdued voice

52
Q

Con brio

A

With vigor

53
Q

Animato

A

Animated

54
Q

Giocoso

A

Humorously

55
Q

Espressivo

A

Expressively

56
Q

Tranquillo

A

Gently

57
Q

Cantabile

A

Singing

58
Q

Dolente

A

Sad, mournful

59
Q

Grave

A

Solemn

60
Q

Con fuoco

A

With fire

61
Q

Vicace

A

Lively

62
Q

Pesante

A

Heavy

63
Q

Maestoso

A

Majestic

64
Q

Scherzando

A

Playful, jesting

65
Q

Semplice

A

Simple, unaffected

66
Q

Agitato

A

Agitated

67
Q

Con bravura

A

With boldness

68
Q

A capriccio

A

Whimsical

69
Q

Con tenerezza

A

With tenderness

70
Q

Tonic Accent

A

Accent by rise of pitch, rather than by stress

71
Q

Dynamic accent

A

Accent by stress or reinforcement

72
Q

Natural accent

A

Accent on the downbeat

73
Q

Secondary accent

A

Accent on a beat other than the downbeat, e.g., beat three in common time

74
Q

Irregular accent

A

Accent on a normally unaccented beat

75
Q

Agogic accent

A

Accent by longer duration of a note

76
Q

Sforzando/Forzando

A

Accent by forcingpressure

77
Q

Rinforzando

A

Accent by strengthening

78
Q

Legato

A

Smoothly connected

79
Q

marcato

A

Marked emphasis

80
Q

Staccato

A

Detached

81
Q

Tenuto

A

Held, sustained

82
Q

Portato

A

Slurred staccato

83
Q

Staccatissimo (wedge)

A

Very short and detached; equivalent to the staccato from Couperin to Beethoven

84
Q

Attacca

A

Two movements should be connected

85
Q

Attacca subito

A

with no break, the one following

86
Q

Segue

A

immediately after the other

87
Q

Martellato

A

Hammer-like/Heaviest Accent

Basic Conducting (1 decks)

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