Basic Concepts on Laboratory Biosafety and Biosecurity Flashcards
Individuals who handle and process microbiological specimens are vulnerable to pathogenic microorganisms which are possible
sources of
Laboratory acquired infections
Laboratory biosafety and biosecurity traces its history in
North America and Western Europe
The origins of biosafety were rooted in
US biological weapons program
was designated a permanent installation for biological research and development
Camp detrick
engaged some of Camp Detrick’s leading scientist
about the nature of their work and developed specifically technical solutions such as Class III safety cabinets and laminar flow hoods to address specific risks
Newell Johnson
What does ABSA stand for
American biological biosafety program
Describe the use of mechanical pipettors to
prevent laboratory-acquired infections in 1907 and 1908
Arnold Wedum
Early progenitors to the nearly ubiquitous engineered control now known as the
biological safety cabinet, were also first documented outside of the US biological weapons programs
Ventilated cabinets
What does CDC Stand for
Center for disease control
What does SRCVB VECTOR stand for
State Research Center of
Virology and biotechnology
VECTOR (SRCVB VECTOR)
introduced the concept of
establishing ascending levels of
containment associated with risks in
handling groups of infectious
microorganisms that present similar
characteristics
Classification of Etiological Agents on the Basis of Hazard,
It explained in detail the microbiological practices,
equipment, and facility necessarily corresponding to four ascending levels of physical containment
Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules
The technical means of mitigating the risk of
accidental infection from or release of agents in the laboratory setting as well as the community and environment it is situated in
Biosafety levels
Analyzed multiple epidemiological studies of
laboratory-based outbreaks
Arnold Wedum and Morton Reitman
to monitor the transfer of a select list of biological agents from one facility to another.
Select agent regulations
materials that pose the greatest risk of
deliberate misuse, and the remaining select agents.
Tier 1 agents
similar in scope with the US regulations but with more severe penalties for noncompliance
Singapore’s Biological Agents and Toxins Act
amended to require institutions that work with
listed “highly dangerous pathogens” to implement
laboratory biosafety and biosecurity requirements to prevent the loss, theft, diversion, release,or misuse of these agents
Act on Prevention of Infectious Diseases in 2005
To address concerns on biosafety guidance for research and health laboratories, issues On risk
assessment and guidance to commission and certified laboratories
3rd edition of the Laboratory Biosafety Manual
to ensure “an adequate level of protection in the field of safe transfer, handling, and use of living
modified organisms (LMOS) resulting from modern
biotechnology.”
Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB)
established under E.O. 430 series of
1990, it focuses on the organizational
structure for biosafety: procedures for evaluation of proposals with biosafety concerns; procedures and guidelines on the introduction, movement, and field release of regulated materials; procedures on physico-chemical and biological containment
National Committee on Biosafety of the Philippines (NCBP)
to set in place policies on the importation and release. of plants and plant products derived from
modern biotechnology.
Department of Agriculture (DA)also issued Administrative Order No. 8
formulated guidelines in the assessment of the impacts on health posed by modern biotechnology and its applications
Department of Health (DOH) together with NCBP
formulated guidelines in the assessment of the impacts on health posed by modern biotechnology and its applications
Department of Health (DOH) together with NCBP
Founded in 2005, Acts as a professional society for
biosafety professionals in the Asia-Pacific region. Its members are from Singapore, Brunei, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, the Philippines and
Myanmar. Active members of the International
Biosafety Working Groups are required to directly contribute to the development of the best biosafety practices.
ASIA-PACIFIC BIOSAFETY ASSOCIATION (A-PBA)
Aims to provide a forum for discussions and debates on issues of concern and to represent those working in the field of biosafety. Founded in June 1996
European Biological Safety Association
(EBSA)
Created by a multidisciplinary team with members coming from the health and education sectors as well as individuals from the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the government
Philippine Biosafety and Biosecurity Association
Containment principles, technologies
and practices that are implemented
to prevent unintentional exposure to
pathogens and toxins, or their
accidental release.
Biosafety
The protection, control and
accountability for valuable biological
materials within laboratories in order
to prevent their unauthorized
access, loss, theft, misuse,
diversion, or intentional release
Biosecurity
Created the BIOHAZARD SYMBOL
used in labeling biological materials
carrying significant health risks
Charles Baldwin
includes microorganisms that are
unlikely to cause human or animal
disease. low individual and community risk
Risk Group 1 (No or Low individual and
community risk)
includes microorganisms that are
unlikely to be a significant risk to
laboratory workers and the
community, livestock, or the
environment. Laboratory exposure may cause
infection, however, effective
treatment and preventive measures
are available. While the risk of spread is limited,
this risk group brings about moderate
individual risk and limited community
risk
Risk Group 2 (Moderate Individual Risk,
Low community Risk)
includes microorganisms that are
known to cause serious diseases to
humans or animals and may present
a significant risk to laboratory
workers. Could present a limited to moderate
risk if these microorganisms spread
in the community or the environment. There are usually effective preventive
measures or treatment available. High individual risk and limited to moderate community risk
Risk Group 3 (high individual risk, low community risk)
microorganisms that are known to
produce Life-threatening diseases to
humans or animals. It represents a significant risk to laboratory workers. May be readily transmissible from one individual to another. Effective treatment and preventive
measures are not usually available
Risk Group 4 (high individual and
community risk)
suitable for work involving viable
microorganisms that are defined and
with well-characterized strains
known not to cause disease in
humans.
Biosafety level 1
For laboratories that deal with
indigenous moderate-risk agents
present in the community. All procedures where infectious aerosols or splashes may be created
are conducted in biosafety cabinets
or other physical containment
equipment.
Biosafety level 2
Emphasis on primary and secondary
barriers in the protection of the
personnel, the community, and the
environment from infectious aerosol
exposure. Work With indigenous or exotic
agents with a potential for
respiratory transmission, and that
may cause serious and potentially
lethal infection are being conducted
here
Biosafety level 3
dangerous and exotic agents that pose high individual risks of life- threatening diseases that may be transmitted via the aerosol route. The laboratory worker’s complete
isolation from aerosolized infectious
materials is accomplished primarily
by working in a Class III biosafety
cabinet or in a full-body air-supplied
positive-pressure personnel suit.
Biosafety level 4