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Chemistry 1110 > Basic concepts of Matter > Flashcards

Basic concepts of Matter Flashcards

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1
Q

The smallest particle that can be obtained by subdividing a compound while retaining the properties of the compound is a_______?

A

Molecule

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2
Q

A compound is a pure substance made up of_____or more different kinds of elements.

A

2

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3
Q

The properties of table salt are______than the elements sodium and chlorine from which it is made.

A

Different

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4
Q

When a compound is broken down by chemical methods, it_______into a different substance.

A

Changes

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5
Q

A pure substance which cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical or physical means.

A

Element

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6
Q

Analysis of a pure substance shows that it contains two elements

A

Compound

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7
Q

A pure substance decomposes upon heating to give two new substances.

A

Compound

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8
Q

A pure substance is known to contain only one kind of atom.

A

Element

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9
Q

Both elements and compounds are pure substances. True or false?

A

True

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10
Q

A compound results from physical combination of two or more elements. True or false?

A

False

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11
Q

Compounds can be broken down into their elements by chemical means. True or false?

A

True

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12
Q

Does each element have its own unique name?

A

Yes

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13
Q

Each element has a_____and a. Chemical____.

A

Name, symbol

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14
Q

Is the first letter of a chemical symbol always or never? Capitalized? Is the second letter of a chemical symbol always or never capitalized?

A

Always, never

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15
Q

What are the chemical symbols of the following elements: Copper, Silver, Fluorine?

A

Cu, Ag, F

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16
Q

Water contains ____ as much hydrogen as oxygen?

A

Twice

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17
Q

When water is broken down to its elements of hydrogen and oxygen, there will be____as much oxygen gas as hydrogen gas.

A

Half

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18
Q

The chemical formula for aspirin is c9 h8 04. In a molecule of aspirin, how many atoms of each element are there?

A

Carbon: 9, Hydrogen: 8, Oxygen: 4

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19
Q

True or false, capitalization is very important in formulas?

A

True

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20
Q

Mg(NO3)2
How many nitrogen atoms and how many oxygen atoms are present in the above formula?

A

2 nitrogen, 6 oxygen

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21
Q

Al2(SO4)3
How many atoms of each element in the above formula are present? Aluminum, sulfur, oxygen?

A

2, 3, 12

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22
Q

When an element occurs as a molecule, it is still an______?

A

Element

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23
Q

If a molecule only has one element, it is a(n)______?

A

Element

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24
Q

What is chemistry?

A

The field of study concerned with the characteristics, composition, and transformations of matter

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25
Q

What is matter

A

Anything that has mass and occupies space

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26
Q

Nearly all changes that matter undergoes involve the release or absorption of_____?

A

Energy

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27
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic of all types of matter?
A. Naturally occurring
B. Visible to the naked eye
C. Has mass
D. No correct response

A

C. Has mass

28
Q

Which of the following is classified as matter?
Heat energy, scientific theory, chocolate milk, no response?

A

Chocolate milk

29
Q

Which of the following processes does not fall within the realm of chemistry?
Detonation of an explosive
Cooking of a hamburger patty
Production of blood pressure medication
No correct response

A

No correct response

30
Q

Which physical state of matter is characterized by a definite shape and a definite volume?

A

Solid

31
Q

Which physical state of matter is characterized by an indefinite shape and a definite volume?

A

Liquid

32
Q

Which physical state of matter is characterized by an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume?

A

Gas

33
Q

The characterization “completely fills its container” describes which state of matter?

A

Gaseous state

34
Q

A distinguishing characteristic of a substance that is used in its identification and description

A

Property

35
Q

A characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing the basic identity of the substance

A

Physical property

36
Q

True or false?
During the process of determining a physical property, the physical appearance of a substance may change, but the substances identity does not

A

True
(Example: the melting point of a solid. Although the appearance changes when a solid becomes liquid, it is still the same substance)

37
Q

A characteristic of a substance that describes the way the substance undergoes or resists change to form a new substance

A

Chemical property

38
Q

True or false?
The changes associated with chemical properties always result from the interaction or reaction of a substance with one or more other substances?

A

False
(Sometimes the presence of energy, usually light or heat, can trigger the change known as decomposition)

39
Q

Classify each of the following properties of selected metals as a physical property or a chemical property.

  1. Iron metal rust in an atmosphere of moist air
  2. Mercury metal is a liquid at room temperature
  3. Nickel metal dissolves an acid to produce a light green solution
  4. Potassium metal has a melting point of 63°C
A
  1. Chemical
  2. Physical
  3. Chemical
  4. Physical
40
Q

Which of the following statements about various substances describes a physical property of the substance?
1. Copper metal can be drawn into thin wires
2. Gold medal does not tarnish in air
3. Hydrogen peroxide decomposes in the presence of light
4. No correct response

A
  1. Copper metal can be drawn into thin wires
41
Q

Which of the following statements about various substances describes a chemical property of the substance?
1. Silver metal will not dissolve in hydrochloric acid
2. Beryllium metal has a silvery gray color
3. Water or ice melts at 32° f
4. No correct response

A
  1. Silver medal will not dissolve in hydrochloric acid
42
Q

In which of the following pairs of properties are both physical properties?
1. Low density, flammable
2. Reacts with oxygen, does not react with iodine
3. Very brittle, very toxic
4. No correct response

A
  1. No correct response
43
Q

A process in which a substance changes its physical appearance, but not it’s chemical composition

A

Physical change

44
Q

A process in which a substance undergoes a change in chemical composition

A

Chemical change

45
Q

Categorize the following statements as either a physical or chemical change.

  1. The fashioning of a piece of wood into a round table leg
  2. The vigorous reaction of potassium metal with water to produce hydrogen gas
  3. Straightening a bent piece of iron with a hammer
  4. The ignition and burning of a match
A
  1. physical
  2. Chemical
  3. Physical
  4. Chemical
46
Q

“One or more new substances are produced” is always a characteristic of _________?

A

Chemical change

47
Q

A single kind of matter that cannot be separated into other kinds of matter by any physical means

A

Pure substance

48
Q

True Or false?
A pure substance sometimes has a definite and constant composition

A

False
A pure substance ALWAYS has a definite and constant composition

49
Q

A physical combination of two or more substances in which each substance retains its own chemical identity

A

Mixture

50
Q

A mixture that contains visibly different phases (parts), each of which has different properties

A

Heterogeneous mixture

51
Q

A mixture that contains only one visibly distinct phase(part), which has uniform properties throughout

A

Homogeneous mixture

52
Q

Which of the following is a correct statement about mixtures?
1. The composition of a homogeneous mixture cannot vary
2. A heterogeneous mixture must contain at least three substances
3. All heterogeneous mixtures have a non-uniform appearance
4. No correct response

A
  1. All heterogeneous mixtures have a non-uniform appearance
53
Q

The characterization “two substances present, two phases present “describes what?

A

Heterogenous mixture

54
Q

How many phases does a mixture of water, ice, and motor oil contain in a heterogeneous mixture?

A

3 phases

55
Q

Variable properties within a mixture sample is a characteristic of?

A

Heterogeneous mixtures

56
Q

A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler pure substances by chemical means, such as a chemical reaction, an electric, current, heat, or a beam of light

A

Element

57
Q

A pure substance that can be broken down into two or more simpler pure substances by chemical means

A

Compound

58
Q

How many known elements are there?

A

118

59
Q

True or false?
A compound is characterized by having properties that are different than it’s constituent elements

A

True

60
Q

The smallest particle of an element that can exist and still have the properties of the element

A

Atom

61
Q

A group of two or more atoms that function as a unit because the atoms are tightly bound together

A

Molecule

62
Q

A molecule that contains two atoms

A

Diatomic molecule

63
Q

A molecule in which all atoms present are of the same kind

A

Homoatomic molecule

64
Q

A molecule in which two or more kinds of atoms are present

A

Heteroatomic molecule

65
Q

The_______ is the limit of physical subdivision. The_________ is the limit of chemical subdivision.

A

Molecule, atom

66
Q

A notation made up of the chemical symbols of the elements present in a compound and numerical subscripts that indicate the number of atoms of each element present in a molecule of the compound

A

Chemical formula

Chemistry 1110 (4 decks)

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