Basic concepts of computing Flashcards

1
Q

What are the main parts of a computer?

A

Hardware (physical parts) and software (tells what to do)

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2
Q

Why is a computer a system?

A

It is arrangement of many parts that work together

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3
Q

Define a computer

A

A computer is a multipurpose electronic tool that can receive data, process data and produce results and output the data

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4
Q

Define data

A

Data is raw, unprocessed facts

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5
Q

Information

A

Information is the result of the processing of data and should be useful

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6
Q

Differentiate between dedicated and general purpose computers

A

A dedicated device has one specific function. A general purpose device can perform multiple functions

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7
Q

What are the components of the computer model?

A

Input, processing, storage, communication and output

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8
Q

What does an input device allow us to do and give two examples of common input devices

A

Allows us to get data into the computer. Mouse and keyboard

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9
Q

What does an output device allow us to do and give two examples of common output devices

A

Allows us to get feedback from the computer. Screen and printer

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10
Q

What does a storage device allow a computer to do and give two examples of common storage devices

A

Allows the computer to keep instructions and data not being used. CD, flash drive

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11
Q

What does a communication device allow a computer to do and give two examples of common communication devices

A

Allows the computer to communicate with each other. Routers and modems

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12
Q

What does the processor do and give two examples of manufacturers

A

It executes instructions, processes the data and controls the rest of the computer

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13
Q

What does memory (RAM) do?

A

It stores those instructions and data currently being worked on. Programs and data cannot be processed without being loaded into memory

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14
Q

What is system software?

A

The software used to manage and control the computer

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15
Q

What is application software?

A

Additional programs that lets you do many things

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16
Q

What are the two categories of software?

A

System and application

17
Q

Give four examples of application software

A

Graphics software; Spreadsheet-allows you to perform tasks based on calculations; Word processor- creates, edits, formats text documents; Games-lets you enact roles and have adventures in virtual worlds

18
Q

What is open source software?

A

OSS lets the user modify the source code and is free.

19
Q

List three advantages of OSS

A

No cost, access to source code, modifiable

20
Q

List three disadvantages of OSS

A

Responsibility for glitches/shortcomings, poor support, higher skills needed

21
Q

What is propriety software?

A

It is owned by a company and involves a cost.

22
Q

What is the advantage to propriety software?

A

Having someone to hold responsible for shortcomings in the software

23
Q

List three disadvantages of propriety software

A

Expensive, can’t fix bugs, no access to source code

24
Q

List three ways propriety software is distributed

A

Shrink-wrap, shareware, freeware

25
Power in computing terms is a combination of what?
Speed/performance of CPU, amount of storage, size of memory
26
List five advantages of computers
Fast, good at repetition, multi-purpose, enable faster communication, keeps records well
27
List five disadvantages of computers
Only as good as the way they are used, expensive, cannot think, become outdated, need skilled operators
28
What is an ICT system?
Combination of people and technology integrated to complete tasks efficiently
29
What is data warehousing?
Securely storing, managing and retrieving large amounts of data
30
What is data mining?
Processing and analysing data looking for valuable unknown information
31
Define freeware
Freely distributed software, don't receive source code, no limitation on time/functionality included
32
Define shareware
Software distributed freely. Can only be used for a limited time/capabilities. No source code
33
Define hardware
Physical components and devices-parts you can touch
34
Define software
The programs that tell the device what to do
35
Define source-code
Programming code used to develop specific application