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IT gr10 > Basic Concepts Of Computing > Flashcards

Basic Concepts Of Computing Flashcards

1
Q

Define Application Software

A

Software used to do productive work and accomplish specific tasks

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2
Q

Define a Computer

A

A multi purpose electronic tool that can recieve data, process the data and produce resulta and output results

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3
Q

Define data

A

Raw, unprocessed facts

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4
Q

Define Freeware

A

Software that is distributed freely, you do not receive the source code. There is no time limit or functionality included

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5
Q

Explain the main components of a computer

A

Hardware - refers to all the parts of a computer that you can physically touch
Software - refers to programs, the sets of instructions

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6
Q

Define ICT System

A

A combination of hardware, software, data, processes, and people with the purpose to collect, manipulate data and information

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7
Q

Define information

A

The result of processing data and it should be useful and meaningful

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8
Q

Define Input

A

The way of getting both data and instructions into the computer

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9
Q

Explain the basic model of a computer

A

Input, Processing, Output model

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10
Q

IT and ICT

A

IT refers to all technology involved with collecting, processing, and storing data and information.
ICT expands IT, including the transmission of data using communications technology. It includes cellphones, the internet, computer technologies

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11
Q

Define OSS

A

Open Source Software is software made available with a license that allows you to access and modify the source code, but not to sell the software

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12
Q

Define Output

A

A way of allowing the computer to show results of the processing it has done

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13
Q

POS System

A

Point of Sale system is specialised software and hardware designed to be used at the till point. It manages stock and creates reports (till slip) when stock is sold to customers

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14
Q

Proprietary software

A

Software developed by a certain software house. Users have to pay license fees to be allowed to use the software. There is no access to the source code

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15
Q

Define source code

A

The programming code used to develop a specific app

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16
Q

Define System Software

A

Software that is used to control and maintain your computer

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17
Q

Explain the expanded model of a computer

A

Input Devices - allows us to get data into the computer.
Output devices - allows us to get feedback from the computer
Central Processing Unit - is the part of the computer that executes the software, processes the data and manages, and controls all the other parts of the computer (Intel)
Memory - is the place where the computer temporarily stores those sets of instructions and data it is currently working with. Programs and data can not be processed unless they are loaded into memory (Random Access Memory)
Communication devices - allow computers to communicate with each other. (Modems, routers, switches)

18
Q

Word processor

A

Create, edit, format, print text-based documents
(Microsoft, OpenOffice Writer)

19
Q

Spreadsheet

A

Perform tasks based on calculations, provides charting facilities (Microsoft excel, OpenOffice excel)

20
Q

Databasis

A

Store data in an organised manner, manipulate data and process it into information (MySQL, Microsoft Access)

21
Q

Presentation Software

A

Combine text, Sound and graphics into a presentation
(Microsoft PowerPoint, OpenOffice Impress)

22
Q

Graphics and design

A

Creates and manipulate images on screen
(Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator)

23
Q

Communication Software

A

User can communicate electronically with other users
(Skype, Microsoft Mail)

24
Q

Web browser

A

A program used to access and view web pages
(Google Chrome, Internet Explorer)

25
Q

Games

A

You enact roles and have adventures in invirtual worlds or scenarios, realistic 3D graphic interfaces and sound effects

26
Q

Web authoring software

A

Creation and design of websites
(Microsoft Expression Web, Microsoft SharePoint Designer)

27
Q

Plug-ins

A

Special plug-in programs add extra featurs to software
(Flash, QuickTime)

28
Q

Storages Devices

A

Storage devices allow the computer to keep instructions and data that it is not currently using so that they can be accessed and used when needed (Hard drive, CD, DVD, Flash disks)

29
Q

Processor (Central Processing Unit)

A

The part of the computer that executes the instructions, processes data, manages, and controls all other parts of a computer (Intel main CPU manufacturer)

30
Q

Memory

A

The place where the computer temporarily stores those sets of intructions and dats it is currently working with. Programs have to be loaded (transferred from storage to memory) before they can be used. Data must be in memory for the computer to work with it (come from user input or storage). The contents of memory only become permanent when you save them (transfer them to storage, which is erased if you turn off the computer and didn’t save it to memory)

31
Q

Name the advantages and disadvantages of OSS

A

Open source software
- No or low cost
-Access to source code
-Freedom to adapt and change software to suit your needs
-access to community for support

-no one to hold responsible for software glitches
-risk of poor support
-higher skills needed to use model to it’s fullest potential
-many varieties of the same software

32
Q

Why can I buy OSS like linux at a software store?

A

You can not sell OSS. When you buy OSS in a box, you pay for additional utilities like an automated install system, manuals, and a number for help. You’re encouraged to share the software

33
Q

Name and explain the main distribution models of proprietary software

A

Shrinkwrap
- software in boxes sealed with shrink wrap
- may not be copied and used on one computer
Shareware
- download and share
-limited in features or time
(try before you buy) if you like the software and want to use it past its trial date, pay a license fee
- cheaper than shink wrap because you pay no middle man
Freeware
- download and share
- differs from OSS because it’s free but can’t access open source

34
Q

Define a Server

A

Server’s are powerful computers used in network environments to help run a network of linked computers, not used directly by users, but they supply services to connected computers and users on the network

35
Q

Define a Tablet

A

Consumer Tablet (iPad, Galaxy Tab)
- small portable devices
- controlled through the touch screen interfaces or a pen or stylus that does not assist accuracy
-have wifi, bluetooth, 3G communication
Tablet PCs
-laptop style computers (with out without keyboards), work with a stylus for accuracy and pressure sensitive input, more expensive than laptops and shorter battery life so they haven’t sold well

36
Q

Explain the difference between general-purpose devices and dedicated (embedded) devices

A

General purposed devices perform more than one function(smart phone). Dedicated devices perform only one function (cellphone,Robot light)

37
Q

Give the uses of the following computer types
-Server
-desktop
-consumer tablet
-smart phone

A

Server - provides servers to users network
Desktop - productive work and application use for user to be creative
Consumer tablet - digital content, access the web, create documents, play games
Smart phone - mobile access to connectivity and services

38
Q

Name the advantages and disadvantages of using a computer

A

-fast and accurate
-good at repetitive tasks
-don’t get tired or demand pay increases
-multipurpose
-enable faster connection
-good at keeping records
-allow for many ways to process and analyse data

-only as good as the way they’re used and data that’s given to them
-can only be used for a limited number of physical applications
-expensive
-can’t think or solve problems
-need trained and skilled operators
-need expensive special software to solve problems
-quickly become outdated

39
Q

Explain ICT

A

Information - manipulated or processed data
Communication - process of transfering data or information from one place to another
Technology - systems technology (hardware and software)
Communications technologies (networks and communication devices)
Internet technologies (internet, WWW)

40
Q

How do ICT systems assist the market chain

A

-modern POS systems use barcodes and scanning to make adding up total bills faster
-scanning is accurate and prevents human error
-this data is sent to the head office so stock ordering and management decisions are made efficiently

IT gr10 (3 decks)

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