Basic Concepts in Immunology/Inflammation Flashcards
What are the 2 roles of the immune system?
Recognise the pathogen
Mount an appropriate reaction against the pathogen to eliminate it
What are the 2 types of the immune response?
Natural (innate) immunity
Acquired (adaptive) immunity
Describe the innate response.
Rapid
Non-specific
First line of defence
Not enhanced by repeated exposure
Describe the adaptive response.
Slow
Specific
Second line of defence
Enhanced by repeated exposure
Where do all of the cells in the immune system come from and where is this located?
Hemopoietic stem cell
In the bone marrow
Where are the 2 primary lymph tissues?
Bone Marrow and Thymus
List secondary lymph tissues.
Appendix, Peyer’s patches, spleen, tonsils, adenoids, lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels
Where in the blood can the cells of the immune system be found ?
Buffy coat
What do cytokines do?
They alter the behaviour of other cells
Critical for local inflammation and tissue repair
What do chemokines do?
They tell cells where to go
Critical for local inflammation and tissue repair
What response are mast cells, basophils and eosinophils responsible for?
Allergic response, type 1 hypersensitivity
What are dendritic cells good at stimulating ?
A T-cell response to Sri auto an adaptive immune response
What do B-Cells produce ?
Antibodies
Describe CD4 and CD8 cells.
CD4 - T helper cells
Regulatory T cells (anti inflammatory)- can turn off the immune system
CD8 - capable of killing any type of cell that is infected
Cytotoxic T cells
Naïve T cell - CD4 or CD8 (never activated before)
What interaction occurs at the immunological synapse .
Interaction between innate and adaptive immune system and the antigen presenting cell will release some type of cytokines to instruct the T cell to activate.
