Basic Concepts and Principles (Chapter 2)

Question 1

The portion of an organism’s interaction with it’s environment that involves movement in some part of the organism.

Answer 1

Behavior

Question 2

A single instance or occurrence of a specific class or type of behavior.

Answer 2

Response

Question 3

A group of responses with the same function (each response in the group produces the same effect on the environment)

Answer 3

Response class

Question 4

A person’s collection or knowledge and skills relevant to particular settings or tasks

Answer 4

Repertoire

Question 5

The full set of physical circumstances in which an organism exists.

Answer 5

Environment

Question 6

An energy change that affects an organism through it’s receptor cells.

Answer 6

Stimulus

Question 7

Any group of stimuli sharing a predetermined set of common elements (formally, temporally, and functionally)

Answer 7

Stimulus class

Question 8

Environmental conditions or stimulus changes that exist or occur prior to the behavior of interest

Answer 8

Antecedent

Question 9

A stimulus change that follows the behavior of interest

Answer 9

Consequence

Question 10

Another person presents an antecedent stimulus and/or the consequence for the behavior.

Answer 10

Socially mediated contingency

Question 11

A stimulus-response relation consisting of an antecedent stimulus and the respondent behavior it elicits (e.g. bright light-pupil contraction).

Can be unconditioned or conditioned

Answer 11

Reflex

Question 12

The response component of a reflex

Elicited or brought out by a stimulus that precedes the behavior (the antecedent)

Answer 12

Respondent behavior

Question 13

A decrease in the responsiveness of to repeated presentations of a stimulus

Most often used to describe a reduction of respondent behavior as a function of repeated presentations of a stimulus over a short period of time

Answer 13

Habituation

Question 14

A stimulus-stimulus pairing procedure in which a neutral stimulus (NS) is presented with an unconditioned stimulus (US) until the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus that elicits the conditioned response.

Also called Pavlovian or Classical Conditioning

Answer 14

Respondent conditioning

Question 15

A procedure in which two stimuli are presented at the same time, usually repeatedly for a number of trials which often results in one stimulus acquiring the function of the other stimulus

Answer 15

Stimulus-stimulus pairing

Question 16

A stimulus change that elicits respondent behavior without any prior learning.

Answer 16

Unconditioned stimulus

Question 17

A stimulus change that does not elicit respondent behavior

Answer 17

Neutral stimulus

Question 18

A formerly neutral stimulus change that elicits respondent behavior only after it has been paired with an unconditioned stimulus

Answer 18

Conditioned stimulus

Question 19

A learned stimulus-response functional relation consisting of an antecedent and the response it elicits

Answer 19

Conditioned reflex

Question 20

The procedure of repeatedly presenting a conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus until the conditioned stimulus no longer elicits the conditioned response.

Answer 20

Respondent extinction

Answer 21

Higher-order conditioning

Answer 22

Operant behavior

Answer 23

Selectionism

Answer 24

Ontogeny

Answer 25

Phylogeny