Basic Concepts Flashcards
What is a general formula?
The simplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series.
What is a structural formula?
The minimal detail that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule.
What is a displayed formula?
The relative positioning of atoms and the bonds between them.
What is skeletal formula?
The simplified organic formula, shown by removing hydrogen atoms from alkyl chains, leaving just a carbon skeleton and associated functional groups.
What is a homologous series?
A series of organic compounds having the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2.
What is a functional group?
A group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound.
What is the formula of an alkyl group?
CnH2n+1
What is an aliphatic compound?
A compound containing carbon and hydrogen joins together in straight chains, branched chains or non-aromatic rings.
What is an alicyclic compound?
An aliphatic compound arranged in non-aromatic rings with or without side chains.
What is an aromatic compound?
A compound containing a benzene ring.
What is a saturated hydrocarbon?
A compound that contains single carbon-carbon bonds only.
What is an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
Contains at least one double or triple carbon-carbon bond.
What is a structural isomer?
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula.
What are the 3 types of structural isomer?
Chain isomer, positional isomer and functional group isomer.
What is bond fission?
The breaking of a covalent bond.
