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Medical Imaging > Basic concepts > Flashcards

Basic concepts Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

3 means by which radiological images are produced

A

Transmission imaging
Reflection imaging
Emission imaging

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2
Q

Examples of Transmission imaging

A

X-Ray
Mammography
Fluoroscopy
CT

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3
Q

X-Ray is based on

A

High energ photons

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4
Q

Examples of Reflection imaging

A

US

Doppler

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5
Q

Examples of Emission imaging

A

MRI

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6
Q

What is Spatial resolution?

A

Ability to differentiate objects from one another on imaging

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7
Q

Max detail detected by human eye

A

10 Line pairs / mm

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8
Q

When an object is black in a Radiograph imaging, we call it

A

Radiolucent

Low attenuation, Increased transparency

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9
Q

When an object is white in a Radiograph imaging, we call it

A

Radiopaque

High attenuation, Decreased transparency

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10
Q

When an object is black on CT imaging, we call it

A

Hypodense

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11
Q

When an object is white on CT imaging, we call it

A

Hyperdense

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12
Q

US different colors are called

A

White - Echodense
Grey - Hyperechoic
Black - Hypoechoic, Anechoic

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13
Q

Bright fluids on MRI, which T modality is it?

A

T2

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14
Q

In MRI, when it is contrast enhanced- Which modality is it?

A

T1

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15
Q

Can we see flowing blood on an MRI image?

A

No. Signal is emitting but the clood is moving

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16
Q

Whcih imaging modalities does not use Ionizing radiation?

A

US

MRI

17
Q

Chest X-Ray effective dose?

A

0.02 mSv

18
Q 
steps of patient preparation
Ionizing radiation (3)
A

Remove metal objects
No prgnancy
Gonad protection

19
Q

steps of patient preparation

IV administration of iodine based contrast (5)

A 
eGFR testing
Allergies?
4 hour fast
Stop Metformin in kidney impairment
Exclude Paraganglioma
20
Q

steps of patient preparation

MRI (7)

A 
Remove metal objects
Exclude aneurysm clip
Pacemaker testing
eGFR testing before contrast
Full bladder before pelvic MRI
Exclude pregnancy before Gadolinium adm.
4 h fast before contrast MRI
21
Q

steps of patient preparation

US (3)

A

4 h fast before abdominal US

Full bladder before pelvic US

22
Q 
steps of patient preparation
Interventional radiology (2)
A

INR and PLT testing

Min. 4 h fast

Medical Imaging (11 decks)

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