Basic concepts Flashcards
3 means by which radiological images are produced
Transmission imaging
Reflection imaging
Emission imaging
Examples of Transmission imaging
X-Ray
Mammography
Fluoroscopy
CT
X-Ray is based on
High energ photons
Examples of Reflection imaging
US
Doppler
Examples of Emission imaging
MRI
What is Spatial resolution?
Ability to differentiate objects from one another on imaging
Max detail detected by human eye
10 Line pairs / mm
When an object is black in a Radiograph imaging, we call it
Radiolucent
Low attenuation, Increased transparency
When an object is white in a Radiograph imaging, we call it
Radiopaque
High attenuation, Decreased transparency
When an object is black on CT imaging, we call it
Hypodense
When an object is white on CT imaging, we call it
Hyperdense
US different colors are called
White - Echodense
Grey - Hyperechoic
Black - Hypoechoic, Anechoic
Bright fluids on MRI, which T modality is it?
T2
In MRI, when it is contrast enhanced- Which modality is it?
T1
Can we see flowing blood on an MRI image?
No. Signal is emitting but the clood is moving
Whcih imaging modalities does not use Ionizing radiation?
US
MRI
Chest X-Ray effective dose?
0.02 mSv
steps of patient preparation Ionizing radiation (3)
Remove metal objects
No prgnancy
Gonad protection
steps of patient preparation
IV administration of iodine based contrast (5)
eGFR testing Allergies? 4 hour fast Stop Metformin in kidney impairment Exclude Paraganglioma
steps of patient preparation
MRI (7)
Remove metal objects Exclude aneurysm clip Pacemaker testing eGFR testing before contrast Full bladder before pelvic MRI Exclude pregnancy before Gadolinium adm. 4 h fast before contrast MRI
steps of patient preparation
US (3)
4 h fast before abdominal US
Full bladder before pelvic US
steps of patient preparation Interventional radiology (2)
INR and PLT testing
Min. 4 h fast
