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Chemistry Module 4 > Basic Concepts > Flashcards

Basic Concepts Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a hydrocarbon?

A

A compound containing only carbon and hydrogen

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2
Q

What is meant by a saturated hydrocarbon?

A

Single bonds only

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3
Q

What is meant by an unsaturated hydrocarbon?

A

Contains at least one double bond

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4
Q

What is a homologous series?

A

A family of compounds with similar chemical properties whose successive members differ by the addition of a CH2 group

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5
Q

What is a functional group?

A

The part of the organic compound that is largely responsible for the molecule’s chemical properties

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6
Q

What is meant by aliphatic?

A

Carbon atoms are joined together in unbranched (straight) or branched chains, or non-aromatic rings

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7
Q

What is meant by alicyclic?

A

Carbon atoms joined to each other in ring (cyclic) structures, with or without branches

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8
Q

What is meant by aromatic?

A

Some or all of the carbon atoms are found in a benzene ring

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9
Q

What is molecular formula?

A

The number and type of atoms of each element in a molecule

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10
Q

What is empirical formula?

A

The simplest whole number ratio of the atoms of each element present in a compound

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11
Q

What is general formula?

A

The simplest algebraic formula for any member of a homologous series

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12
Q

What is displayed formula?

A

Shows the relative positioning of all of the atoms in a molecule and the bonds in between them

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13
Q

What is structural formula?

A

Uses the smallest amount of detail necessary to show the arrangement of the atoms in a molecule

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14
Q

What is skeletal formula?

A

A simplified organic formula where a line represents a single bond, an intersection of two lines represent a carbon atom and the end of a line represents a CH3 group

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15
Q

What is a structural isomer?

A

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula

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16
Q

What is homolytic fission?

A

Each of the bonded atoms take one of the shared pair of electrons from the bond

17
Q

What is heterolytic fission?

A

One of the bonded atoms take both electrons from the bond

18
Q

What does a curly arrow in a mechanism represent?

A

The movement of a pair of electrons

19
Q

What is an addition reaction?

A

Two reactants join together to form one product

20
Q

What is a substitution reaction?

A

An atom or group of atoms is replaced by a different atom or group of atoms

21
Q

What is an elimination reaction?

A

Involves the removal of a small molecule from a larger one

Chemistry Module 4 (4 decks)

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