basic components of living systems: eukaryotes and prokaryotes

Question 1

how are ribosomes different in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 1

ribosomes are smaller in prokaryotic cells than eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic ribosomes are 80S and prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S.

Question 2

cell wall of prokaryotes are made of?

Answer 2

made of peptidoglycan, also called murein, which is a complex polymer made from amino acids and sugars.

Question 3

how are the flagella of prokaryotes different?

Answer 3

-the flagella of prokaryotes are thinner and doesn’t have the 9+2 arrangement. The energy needed to rotate the filament is supplied from chemiosmosis not ATP

Question 4

Endosymbiosis theory

Answer 4

theory that mitochondria and chloroplasts were formerly free living prokaryotes. But these prokaryotes were taken in by other cells as an endosymbiont.

Question 5

how are DNA in prokaryotes different?

Answer 5

are naked, no histone proteins. It is circular, not linear unlike eukaryotic cells.