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Solid Organ Transplant > Basic Complications Review > Flashcards

Basic Complications Review Flashcards

1
Q

What is cell mediated immunity

A

Activated T lymphocytes

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2
Q

What is humoral/antibody immunity

A

Production of b-cell antibodies

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3
Q

What are human leukocyte antigens

A

Part of the major histocompatibility complex
Identifies compatible or foreign products

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4
Q

What are panel reactive antibodies

A

Measurement of Human leukocyte antigens
Elevated PRA indicates a greater chance of rejection

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5
Q

When are immunosuppressants started for organ transplant

A

Before the transplant

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6
Q

What is the maintenance therapy for post transplants

A

Immunosuppressants
CAlcineurin inhibitors (avoid grapefruit juice)
Corticosteroids
Anti-metabolites

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7
Q

What is an allograft rejection

A

Immune system recognizes graft as “non-self”
Local and systemic inflammatory response leading to deterioration of graft and necrosis

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8
Q

What is a hyperacute reaction in organ transplants

A

Rare
Humoral
Rapid tissue necrosis

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9
Q

What is an accelerated acute rejection in organ transplants

A

1-5 days post op
Difficult to treat
Cellular and humoral mediated

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10
Q

What is an acute rejection in organ transplants

A

Most common
Few months post op
Cellular mediated

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11
Q

What is a chronic rejection in organ transplants

A

Occurs slowly
Cell and humoral mediated response
No treatment

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12
Q

How is organ rejection diagnosed

A

Allograft biopsy

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13
Q

What is the basic treatment plan for rejection

A

High dose corticosteroids
Optimize immunosuppressants
Anti-lymphocyte therapy

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14
Q

Complications of organ transplant rejection

A

Infection
HTN
DM
Renal insufficiency
HLD
Osteoporosis
Malignancy

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15
Q

What is the leading cause of death in organ transplants

A

Infection

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16
Q

When is a patient most at risk for a post op infection

A

First 6 months

17
Q

What are vaccine guidelines for organ transplants

A

No live vaccines

18
Q

What are common post transplant viral infections

A

CMV
Hep B or C
Herpes
Varicella

19
Q

What are common post transplant fungal infections

A

Candidiasis
Aspergillius
Cryptococcus
Pneumocystis jiroveci

20
Q

What are common bacterial infections post transplant

A

Mycobacterium
TB
Pseudomonas
Legionella
Listeria
Gram negatives

21
Q

What are common Protozoal post organ transplant infections

A

Cryptosporidium
Toxoplasma Gondi
Strongyloides

Solid Organ Transplant (3 decks)

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