Basic Circuit Flashcards
Is the pressure from an electrical circuit’s power source that pushes charged electrons (current) through a conducting loop, enabling them to do work such as illuminating a light
POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE OR VOLTAGE
voltage is equal to
pressure
SI units of Voltage
Joules/Coulomb (J/C)
Voltage named after
Alessandro Volta (1745-1827)
The rate of flow of electrons in a conductor
ELECTRIC CURRENT
SI unit of electric Current and named after who
- Ampere (A)
- Named after André-Marie Ampère (1775-1836), a French mathematician and physicist, considered the father of electromagnetism
1 A = 1 Coulomb/second is equal to
1.6 x 10^19 electrons
in basic circuit, large current has
many charge flowing
in basic current, small circuit has
few charge flowing
- Also known as ohmic resistance or electrical resistance
- Measure of the opposition to current flow in an electrical circuit
RESISTANCE
Unit of Resistance
Ohms (Ω)
- The larger the resistance, the greater the barrier against the flow of current.
- What is the resistance of conducting material found to be?
- Directly proportional to the length of the material
- Inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the material
- Depends on the nature of the material
- It depends on the temperature
- Ability of a component or circuit to collect and store energy in the form of an electrical charge.
- BLANK are energy storing devices available in many sizes and shapes.
- They consist of two plates of conducting material (usually a thin metal) sandwiched between an insulator made of ceramic, film, glass, or other materials, even air.
Capacitance
Unit of capacitance and named after who
Farad (F) named after Michael Faraday
measures how much electric charge is accumulated on the capacitor
Farad
1F is equal to
1C / 1V
Inhibits flow of electrons
Resistor
Provides electric potential
Battery
Momentarily stores electric charge
Capacitor
Increases or decreases voltage by fixed
amount (AC only)
Transformer
Allows electrons to flow in only one
direction
Diode
states that the VOLTAGE across the total circuit or any portion of the circuit is equal to the CURRENT times the RESISTANCE or V=IR
Ohm’s law
V is?
V = potential
A is?
I = current
Ω is?
R=resistance
- Provides exactly one path
between any two points
for electric current. - Have the advantage of
making each component
very dependent on the other
components. - If one component is
removed, all of the
components turn off
SERIES CIRCUIT
rule of series circuit
Potential and Resistance are plus, and Current is equal
- Electrical circuits with
multiple resistors, connected
along many branches (or
paths) of electricity - Contains element that
bridge the circuit rather than
lie in a line along the
conductor
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
Rules for parallel circuit
Current and Resistor are plus, and Potential is equal
a series circuit contains 3 resistive elements
having values of 8Ω, 12 and, 15Ω. If the circuit potential is 110V, what is the total circuit resistance and current, the current in each resistor, and the voltage across each resistor?
RT = R1 + R2 +R3
RT = 8Ω + 12Ω + 15Ω
RT =35Ω
I = V / R
IT = 110V / 35Ω
IT =3.14A
V1 = (3.14A) (8 Ω) =25.12V
V2 = (3.14A) (12 Ω) =37.68V
V3 = (3.14A) (15 Ω) =47.10V
Flow of electrons in one
direction along the electric
conductor
Direct Current (DC)
Oscillation is the
movement back and forth at a regular speed
Oscillation of electricity in
both direction of the conductor
Alternating Current (AC)
*Time rate of which the work is done
*Measured in watts (W)
*1W=1Ampere of current flowing through an electric potential
of 1V
ELECTRIC POWER
Formula for Electric Power
P=IV
P=I^2R
