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Organic Chemistry Laboratory > Basic Chromatography > Flashcards

Basic Chromatography Flashcards

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1
Q

is the ability to separate molecules using various partitioning characteristics of molecule to remain in a stationary phase versus a mobile phase. Once a molecule is separated from the mixture, it can be isolated and quantified.

A

Chromatography

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2
Q

Can chromatography identify components?

A

No, it needs a detector.

It always need a detector to identify
chromatographically the separated components. In liquid chromatography,
detector response is NOT a determining
factor for the column and thin-layer efficiencies.

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3
Q

It was first applied by ____________ for the
separation of plant pigments.

A

Mikhail Semyonovich Tsvet

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4
Q

It was first applied by Mikhail
Semyonovich Tsvet for the ________.

A

separation of plant pigments

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5
Q

Greek chromatos means

A

Color

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6
Q

Greek graphein means

A

To write

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7
Q

Two Major Components of Chromatographic Separation

A

• Mobile Phase
• Stationary Phase

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8
Q

flows through the column; carries analyte

A

Mobile Phase

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9
Q

stays in place, does not move

A

Stationary Phase

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10
Q

instrument employed for a chromatography.

A

Chromatograph

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11
Q

phase that stays in place inside the column. It can be a particular solid or gel-based packaging (LC) or a highly viscous liquid coated inside the column (GC)

A

Stationary Phase

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12
Q

the solvent moving through the column; either a liquid in LC or gas in GC.

A

Mobile Phase

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13
Q

fluid entering the column

A

Eluent

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14
Q

fluid exiting the column

A

Eluate

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15
Q

is the process of passing the mobile
phase through the column.

A

Elution

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16
Q

graph showing detector response as a function of time.

A

Chromatogram

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17
Q

defines how much mobile phase
passed per minute (mL/min)

A

Flow rate

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18
Q

distance passed by mobile phase per 1 min in the column (cm/min)

A

Linear velocity

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19
Q

Rf value of Beta carotene

A

0.99

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20
Q

Rf value of Chlorophyll A

A

0.30

21
Q

Rf value of Chlorophyll B

A

0.13

22
Q

Rf value of Violaxanthin

A

0.40

23
Q

Rf value of Lutein

A

0.68

24
Q

The higher the Rf, the ____ polar
is the solute.
The lower the Rf, the _____ polar is
the solute.

A

less; more (Rf value is inversely proportional to polarity)

25
Q

The higher the Rf, the ______ soluble
is the solute.
The lower the Rf, the ______ soluble
is the solute.

A

more; less (Rf value is directly proportional to solubility)

26
Q

Formula for Rf value

A

Distance travelled by the solute / Distance travelled by the solvent front

27
Q

Leaf Chromatography seprates leaf pigments according to their ____.

A

Size

28
Q

Red

A

Anthocyanins

29
Q

Orange

A

Carotenoids

30
Q

Yellow

A

Xanthophyll

31
Q

Green

A

Chlorophyll

32
Q

Particles stick to the surface of the other phase

A

Adsorption

33
Q

Particles soak into the bulk of the other phase

A

Absorption

34
Q

of solute on surface of stationary phase; for polar non-ionic compounds

A

Adsorption

35
Q

Attraction of ions of opposite charges; for ionic compounds anions or cations

A

Ion exchange

36
Q

based on the relative solubility of analyte in mobile and stationary phases

A

Partition

37
Q

separates molecules by size; sieving- not real interaction, small molecules travel longer

A

Size exclusion (gel filtration, gel permeation)

38
Q

specific interactions like a particular antibody to protein

A

Affinity

39
Q

silica gel before solvent

A

Dry Tacking

40
Q

solvent first and followed by the silica gel

A

Wet method

41
Q

In a one beaker, the two are mixed

A

Sluggy method

42
Q

Type of Chromatography

A
  • Based on the bed
  • Based on the physical state phase
  • Based on the separation mechanism
43
Q

Based on the bed

A

• Column Chromatography
• Planar Chromatography

44
Q

Based on the physical state phases

A

• Gas Chromatography
• Liquid Chromatography

45
Q

Based on the separation mechanism

A

• Affinity Chromatography
• Ion-exchange Chromatography
• Gel-filtration Chromatography

46
Q

Under Planar Chromatography

A

• Paper Chromatography
• Thin-layer Chromatography

47
Q

Under Liquid Chromatography

A

• High performance liquid chromatography
• Supercritical fluid chromatography

48
Q

Under Ion-exchange chromatography

A

• Anion exchange chromatography
• Cation exchange chromatography

Organic Chemistry Laboratory (3 decks)

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