Basic Chemistry

Question 1

Define element

Answer 1

Substance made up of only 1 type of atom

Question 2

How is the type of element determined?

Answer 2

number of protons it has

Question 3

Define a compound

Answer 3

When two or more atoms joined

Question 4

Where are electrons located?

Answer 4

Within 3 rings outside the nucleus

Question 5

Define a covalent bond

Answer 5

When 2 or more atoms share valance electrons

Question 6

When atoms share electrons, the compound created is called a ___

Answer 6

molecule

Question 7

Define an Ionic bond

Answer 7

When valance electrons are transferred in order for atoms to become stable

Question 8

Define a polar molecule

Answer 8

An unequal sharing of electrons

Question 9

Why do electrons spend more time around the oxygen atom rather than the hydrogen atom in water?

Answer 9

Because the electrons are attracted to the higher amount of protons in the nucleus of the oxygen atom rather than the low amount of protons in the nucleus of the hydrogen atom.

Question 10

How does the polarity of water (difference in charge in the water molecule) cause water molecule to be attracted to one another?

Answer 10

The positive end of one water molecule (hydrogen atom) is attracted to the negative end of another water molecule. (oxygen atom)

Question 11

Define a hydrogen bond

Answer 11

Attraction between polar molecules

Question 12

Define cohesion

Answer 12

Attraction between substances of the same kind

Question 13

Acids have a pH value ___ 7

Answer 13

below

Question 14

Bases have a pH value ___ 7

Answer 14

above

Question 15

Each whole number represents a factor of ___ times

Answer 15

10

Question 16

Organic compounds always contain BOTH ___ and ___

Answer 16

carbon, hydrogen

Question 17

Inorganic compounds may contain ___ OR ___

Answer 17

carbon, hydrogen

Question 18

Macromolecules must be ___ ___ to diffuse through the cell membrane

Answer 18

broken down

Question 19

Macromolecules are how they are due to ___

Answer 19

carbon

Question 20

How do organic compounds (macromolecules) get used by the cell?

Answer 20

the get broken down into smaller compounds by the digestive system

Question 21

Monomer of carbohydrates

Answer 21

Simple sugars

Question 22

Monomer of lipids

Answer 22

Glycerol, fatty acids

Question 23

Monomer of proteins

Answer 23

amino acids

Question 24

Monomer of nucleic acids

Answer 24

nucleotides

Question 25

Basic solutions (bases) contain ___ concentrations of H+ ions than pure water

Answer 25

lower

Question 26

Acidic solutions (Acids) contain ___ concentrations of H+ ions than pure water

Answer 26

higher

Question 27

Acids have a pH value ___ 7

Answer 27

below