Basic Chemistry

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

anything that occupies space and has mass

Question 2

Energy

Answer 2

the ability to do work

Question 3

Kinetic energy

Answer 3

energy of motion

Question 4

Potential energy

Answer 4

stored energy

Question 5

Chemical energy

Answer 5

energy form stored in chemical bonds

Question 6

Electrical energy

Answer 6

energy form resulting from the movement of charged particles

Question 7

Mechanical energy

Answer 7

energy form directly involved in putting matter into motion

Question 8

Radiant energy

Answer 8

energy of the electromagnetic spectrum which includes heat, light, ultraviolet waves, infrared waves, and other forms

Question 9

Elements

Answer 9

any of the building blocks of matter; oxygen, hydrogen, carbon for example

Question 10

Periodic table

Answer 10

The table which contains all the known elements arranged by their atomic number

Question 11

Atom

Answer 11

the smallest part of an element; indivisible by ordinary chemical means

Question 12

Atomic symbol

Answer 12

a one- or two-letter symbol indicating a particular element

Question 13

Protons

Answer 13

subatomic particle that bears a positive charge; located in the atomic nucleus

Question 14

Neutrons

Answer 14

uncharged subatomic particle; found in the atomic nucleus

Question 15

Electrons

Answer 15

negatively charged subatomic particle; orbits the atomic nucleus

Question 16

Planetary model

Answer 16

portrays the atom as a miniature solar system

Question 17

Orbital model

Answer 17

depicts the general location of electrons outside the nucleus as a haze of negative charge referred to as the electron cloud

Question 18

Atomic number

Answer 18

the number of protons in an atom

Question 19

Atomic mass number

Answer 19

the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 20

Atomic weight

Answer 20

average of the mass numbers of all of the isotopes of an element

Question 21

Isotopes

Answer 21

different atomic form of the same element; vary only in the number of neutrons they contain

Question 22

Radioisotopes

Answer 22

isotope that exhibits radioactive behavior

Question 23

Radioactivity

Answer 23

the process of spontaneous decay seen in some of the heavier isotopes, during which particles or energy are emitted from the atomic nucleus; results in the atom becoming more stable.

Question 24

Molecules

Answer 24

particle consisting of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds

Question 25

Compound

Answer 25

substance composed of two or more different elements the atoms of which are chemically united