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FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY > Basic Chemistry > Flashcards

Basic Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

What is physiology?

A

The study of the function of the human body

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2
Q

What is a cell?

A

Basic unit of life

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3
Q

(PQ) it provides?

A 
Protection and Support
Movement
Communication
Growth and Repair
Metabolism and Energy production
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4
Q

What do cells form within the body?

A

Tissues

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5
Q

All living tissues are composed of?

A

Cells

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6
Q

How many trillions cells are in our body?

A

Between 30-40 trillion cells

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7
Q

What are the cell three basic parts?

A

Cell membrane (plasma membrane) - forms the cell’s outer surface

cytoplasm - all contents of the cell exclud. nucleus

Nucleus - largest organelle in cell acts as a cell main control centre

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8
Q

Internal structures are known as?

A

Organelles = “little organ”

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9
Q

What is a organelle?

A

Responsible for carrying out a variety of processes and functions inside the cell

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10
Q

Variety refers to ?

A

200 different types of cell in the human body

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11
Q

Muscle cells are ?

A

Specialised for contraction and movement

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12
Q

Blood cells are?

A

Specialised for transport and defence

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13
Q

Lung cells are?

A

Specialised for movement and gases

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14
Q

Gut cells are?

A

Specialised for absorption and secretion

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15
Q

Lining cells (epithelial cells) are?

A

Specialised for several; functions

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16
Q

What does intracellular mean?

A

Inside the cell

17
Q

What does extracellular mean?

A

Outside the cell

18
Q

What does intercellular mean?

A

Between the cell

19
Q

The term Cardiomyocyte?

A 
Cardio = Heart
Myo = Muscle
Cyte = Cell
20
Q

What is the advantage for a cell having many microvilli (surface foldings)?

A

increases surface area without increasing cell size

Important for absorption and secretion

21
Q

important property of the cells which make up this tissue?

A

Contractility

Produces movement

22
Q

Nerve cells have long projections called?

A

Axons

23
Q

Why are these projections from some of the cells so long?

A

They are travelling long distances

24
Q

Longest axons in the body are found?

A

In the sciatic nerve

25
Q

(PQ) Up to 1 metre long or more?

A

Depends on how tall an individual is

26
Q

Fewer red blood cells would indicate?

A

anaemia
an=without
aemia=blood

27
Q

Had more white blood cells would indicate?

A

infection or leukaemia

leukos (greek) = white

28
Q

Describe the cell layer lining wall of the vessel?

A

Squamous cells

Squama = scale

FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY (1 decks)

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