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PHS 921 > Basic Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Basic Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 basic functions of the CVS?

A
  1. Exchange of gasses
  2. Delivery of nutrients
  3. Transport of metabolites
  4. Transport of H2O and electrolytes
  5. Exchange of Heat
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2
Q

What does the “pump” component of the heart do and what does it allow for?

A
  1. Pushes blood into aorta

2. Allows for Contractions

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3
Q

What does the Atrial system component of the heart do and what is the key characteristic of the atrial system?

A
  1. Distribute blood and acts a Pressure Reservoir

2. It is Elastic

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4
Q

What does the capillary bed component of the heart do?

A
  1. Transfers materials between circulation & tissue.
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5
Q

What does the venous system component of the heart do?

A
  1. Returns blood and acts a Volume Reservoir.
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6
Q

Which part of the atrial system carriers DEOXYGENATED blood?

A
  1. The Pulmonary Artery
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7
Q

What parts of the body does the aortic arch branch off to?

A
  1. The upper extremities and head
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8
Q

What part of the venous system carries OXYGENATED blood?

A
  1. Pulmonary Vein
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9
Q

Are the Lungs considered to be in a “series” or “parallel” circuit and why?

A
  1. Series Circuit

2. Because they are used to oxygenated the blood via the pulmonary artery & vein.

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10
Q

What is the primary function of the Pericardium?

A
  1. Confines heart to a stable position in the chest cavity but still allows for sufficient movement.
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11
Q

What are the 2 components of the Pericardium?

A
  1. Fibrous (parietal layer)

2. Serous (visceral layer)

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12
Q

What are the characteristics of the Fibrous (Parietal) pericardium?

A
  1. Tough, inelastic, fibrous connective tissue

2. Attached to sternum, diaphragm, and anterior mediastum.

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13
Q

What are the characteristics of the Serous (Visceral) pericardium?

A
  1. Single layer of mesothelial cells
  2. Attached to cardiac epicardium
  3. Well innervated and can secrete prostaglandins.
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14
Q

What can prostaglandins secreted by the serous pericardium do?

A
  1. Modulate cardiac reflexes and tone
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15
Q

What does serous pericardial fluid do?

A
  1. Reduces friction and provides lubrication.
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16
Q

What are the 3 layers of the heart?

A
  1. Epicardium
  2. Myocardium
  3. Endocardium
17
Q

What are the 2 Atrioventricular valves (AV)?

A
  1. Tricuspid

2. Bicuspid (Mitral)

18
Q

What are the 2 semilunar valves?

A
  1. Pulmonary

2. Aortic

19
Q

What is the function of the Chordae Tendineae?

A
  1. They allow for the valves to withstand high pressure and prevent backflow during contraction.
20
Q

True or False? The Chordae Tendineae support both the AV valves and the Semilunar Valves.

A

False, the Chordae Tendineae only support the AV valves.

PHS 921 (6 decks)

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