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Mbbs > Basic Anatomy > Flashcards

Basic Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the organic component of bone called?

A

Osteoid

Osteoid is the unmineralized organic component of bone, primarily made up of collagen and proteins.

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2
Q

What is the principle mineral found in bone?

A

Calcium hydroxyapatite

Calcium hydroxyapatite provides strength and structure to bones.

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3
Q

What type of collagen is the principal protein in bone?

A

Type I

Type I collagen is the most abundant form of collagen found in bone.

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4
Q

What is the function of osteoblasts?

A

Lays down osteoid matrix

Osteoblasts are responsible for bone formation by producing osteoid, which is composed mainly of collagen.

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5
Q

What cell type is known for bone resorption?

A

Osteoclast

Osteoclasts are multinucleated giant cells that break down bone tissue.

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6
Q

What is the most abundant cell type in bone?

A

Osteocyte

Osteocytes are mature bone cells that play a role in maintaining bone tissue.

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7
Q

What is the primary function of osteocytes?

A

Maintain bone tissue

Osteocytes help regulate bone remodeling and mineralization.

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8
Q

What are the ruffled borders associated with?

A

Osteoclasts

Ruffled borders increase the surface area for bone resorption.

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9
Q

Which type of collagen is found in articular hyaline cartilage?

A

Type II

Type II collagen is essential for the structural integrity of cartilage.

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10
Q

How does the strength of bone depend on osteoblasts and osteoclasts?

A

Balance of formation and resorption

The interplay between osteoblasts (bone formation) and osteoclasts (bone resorption) determines overall bone strength.

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The function of osteoclasts is _______.

A

Bone resorption

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12
Q

True or False: Osteoclasts are responsible for laying down the osteoid matrix.

A

False

Osteoblasts are responsible for laying down the osteoid matrix.

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13
Q

What is the role of alkaline phosphatase in bone?

A

Bone formation

Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme associated with osteoblast activity and bone mineralization.

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14
Q

What is the significance of TRAP in bone physiology?

A

Marker for osteoclast activity

TRAP (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) is an enzyme that serves as a marker for osteoclasts.

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15
Q

Which cell type is characterized by mononuclear cells?

A

Osteoblasts

Osteoblasts are derived from mononuclear cells and are crucial for bone formation.

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16
Q

Fill in the blank: The longest life span cell type in bone is the _______.

A

Osteocyte

17
Q

What are osteonectin and osteocalcin?

A

Bone proteins

Osteonectin and osteocalcin are proteins involved in bone mineralization and regulation.

18
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ type of collagen is found in the nucleus pulposus.

A

Type II

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